Top
Best
New

Posted by segasaturn 10/24/2024

BYD EV teardown in Japan reveals secrets to its affordability(insideevs.com)
154 points | 284 commentspage 2
ProllyInfamous 10/26/2024|
I am a recent hybrid drivetrain -convert [Camry, this year]. For most Americans I think hybrid vehicles are the current "best solution" — simply because our infrastructure already has phenomenal gasoline distribution capabilities. I can drive many hundreds of miles on ten gallons of gasoline [~50mpg real-world city driving].

When I lost power for 48 hours this past summer, I spent about 2 gallons of gasoline (already in my Camry Hybrid) to keep my refrigerator and computers running (using a 12VDC->120VAC inverter). Despite owning a beastmode 9000W propane/gasoline generator, the only reason I'd need it would be to run air conditioners...

Using the SDS+ hammer drill off of an extension cord sourced from my car [instead of a flatbed w/ generator]... makes for great jobsite conversation topics.

As a rarely-political American, I do think the tarriffs on BYD are unnecessary and ultimately bad for most of us "just citizens."

jacknews 10/27/2024||
"producing as many of the components as possible in-house and integrating them."

So the complete opposite of modularity and repairability, and therefore, sustainability. When anything on the e-axle breaks, you'll likely have to replace the entire thing, which might well be uneconomical, so you'll scrap the entire car. Maybe part of the low cost is all the savings they make on repair documentation, etc.

tonyedgecombe 10/24/2024||
A more interesting question is why are EV's built in the West so expensive.
bearjaws 10/24/2024||
For one, they have spent years shedding all their talent and outsourcing all their components.

Now they are the mercy of their vendors, with limited knowledge of how to do things any other way than to keep depending on them.

Sometimes there are only 1 or 2 vendors they can pick from, with so little competition, it is no wonder the prices keep going up.

If Tesla actually focused on making a cheap car, I am sure it would cost far less, but instead they need the Model 3 to be a cash cow to make up for all the other dumb decisions being made.

numpad0 10/24/2024|||
Maybe, but base Nissan Leaf is $28k off the lot today with L2 self driving. Sure, air cooled battery, CHAdeMO, hatchback design... but it's not like those deficiencies would cost full $15k/car to fix; it's not like Big CHAdeMO is burning that much per each Leaf. So that kind of "Tesla would have this and that" arguments don't really hold water.
lowbloodsugar 10/24/2024|||
That said, my model 3 performance is faster than any car under $100k and costs less than half that. So it’s actually cheap for what it is. Comfier too.
bearjaws 10/25/2024||
I love my 2018 M3 but can't bring myself to buy the new one due to lacking USS and no blinker stalk - absolutely baffling.
lowbloodsugar 10/27/2024||
The blinker stalk you just get over. Found myself pressing the nonexistent button on my ford truck the other day. The lack of USS was a concern for me too. I test drove a 2022 with USS and had heard a lot about how the ones without were “bad”. Compared to my wife’s car that has USS, my 2024 is vastly superior. The cameras do build a working 2D top-down view of obstacles when parking and of course the cameras let my brain do so too. In short, the 2024 has as good if not better parking than the 2022 I drove, and the performance is even better.
blinding-streak 10/24/2024|||
Cost of labor is much higher. Safety regulations are more strict. Environmental protections are more strict. It's more expensive across the board.
toomuchtodo 10/24/2024|||
Look at profits of legacy auto. It’s not the labor, they’re prioritizing profits over investment to deliver on EVs (kicking the can and making it the future’s problem).
PaulHoule 10/24/2024|||
There is also the choice of whether or not they make affordable cars.

In the 1970s my dad had the worst time trying to buy compact cars from US dealerships, in the 2000s I thought US automakers were as bad but Japanese brands were better, by 2018 or so Japanese dealers were using the same toolbox (“You’re saying I can’t buy a Honda Fit because the factory washed out in a flood but you have 100 SUVs in a row that nobody wants to buy made in the same factory?”)

Then I got home and I am sure to read some article in the auto press which repeats, like the brainwash soldiers from The Manchurian Candidate that Americans only want to drive huge vehicles. Sure, an American might want a size L vehicle on average but from their point of view it is a disaster that somebody would could possibly buy a $50k vehicle walks out with a $25k vehicle (that Sales Manager won’t be able to work you over for another decade) so they will try to sell you an XXL vehicle.

Tesla, GM, Toyota and many others have refused to make affordable EVs, it’s that simple. Their hope is that a 100% tariff on BYD means they’ll never have to service the affordable vehicle market.

AlotOfReading 10/24/2024|||
You're missing one of the principal actors here. It's not GM or Toyota selling you a car, it's a dealership. The dealership is only viable if they average $2-4k per sale. That margin simply doesn't exist on a $10k car, so they don't even want to offer it except to get you in the door.

Manufacturers in turn (except Tesla) have no one to sell these vehicles, and would have to take a risk that they could make up the lost margin on volume. They don't have the cultures to do that either.

BobaFloutist 10/25/2024||
I would be thrilled to pay 12-14k for a cheap electric car with moderate range, rather than 50-100k for an expensive one with 50-100% more range and all the bells and whistles.
AlotOfReading 10/25/2024||
Existing contracts aren't structured as a lump sum they can just tack on some margin for and dealers don't fully control their margins. There's half a dozen "incentives" that are given as percentages of sale price plus whatever additional fees they can throw on that need to equal that margin. It's not that these are impossible problems, but they require coordinated action in an industry that's full of mutually hostile parties.
floxy 10/24/2024|||
>Tesla, GM, Toyota and many others have refused to make affordable EVs, it’s that simple.

I think GM is at least trying, with the sub-$35,000 Equinox EV. And the rumor is that the 2026 Bolt will be ~$30,000. Definitely going to be interesting to see what comes around in the next couple of years with battery prices falling.

https://www.chevrolet.com/electric/equinox-ev

segasaturn 10/24/2024||||
CEO salaries for comparison:

Jim Farley (Ford CEO): $26.5 million

Mary Barra (GM CEO): $27.8 million

Koji Sato (Toyota CEO): $3.88 million

Atsushi Osaki (Subaru CEO): $1.05 million

Makoto Uchida (Nissan CEO): $4.5 million

No idea what the compensation for auto executives in China is, but probably even smaller than Japan's.

Sources:

https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20230925-uaw-auto-strik...

https://www.automotivedive.com/news/gm-ceo-compensation-fall...

https://www.detroitnews.com/story/business/autos/ford/2024/0...

toast0 10/24/2024|||
Taking just Ford, they sold 1,995,912 vehicles in 2023 [1]; assuming it's divided evenly across vehicles, CEO compensation adds $13.25 to the price of a Ford. Probably CEO compensation is less substantial for a BYD vehicle, but it's just not a large component of the cost.

EDIT: Fixed the math, thanks mperham, I had $1.35 earlier.

[1] https://media.ford.com/content/dam/fordmedia/North%20America...

mperham 10/24/2024|||
My math ($26.5m / 2m) says you're off by an order of magnitude: $13.25
JambalayaJimbo 10/24/2024||||
What about the entire C suite?
GoToRO 10/25/2024||||
Just FYI, they will choose a component that is 1 cent cheaper over the one that worked for years without any problems. They could give you an actual usable navigation but they don't want to spend 1 extra dollar for the controller.
hengheng 10/24/2024|||
$1.32 per car is a lot!
ChadNauseam 10/24/2024|||
The OP said "Look at profits of legacy auto. It’s not the labor, they’re prioritizing profits over investment [...]". Are you arguing that this is incorrect by showing some examples of large labor expenses these US auto companies have? My understanding is that profits is what is left over to be paid to shareholders after they stop spending on employees/investment/opex/etc.
threeseed 10/24/2024|||
They are simply following the market.

Hybrids have become increasingly popular as the charging infrastructure is still lacklustre in many parts of the world. And that's not a problem that can be solved overnight.

toomuchtodo 10/24/2024|||
Even if EV charging was ubiquitous, legacy auto would sell what nets them the highest profit, which is not EVs. China’s EV market is hypercompetitive, and does not suffer legacy auto type incumbents. It’s why US automakers will likely leave China.

At least we have BYD and Tesla, just gotta scale up faster. Global light vehicle TAM is 90M units/year. 20% of all vehicles sold globally last year were BEVs or PHEVs, onward and upward.

https://fortune.com/2024/06/19/elon-musk-tesla-china-carmake... (“Bank of America tells Detroit’s Big 3 they can’t make money in China and should just leave the hypercompetitive car market ‘as soon as they possibly can’”)

girvo 10/24/2024||||
Sadly (for myself) the only compact-ish plug-in hybrid that exists in my part of the world (Australia) is the Cupra Leon. Neat car, we're genuinely considering it, but it's $80,000AUD, vs. the $50,000AUD that a top-end hybrid Corolla would cost. And they're still much more expensive than my partners VW Polo... worth it for us, as we have a one car shared between the two of us, but I wish there were more compact-ish hybrids available.

Honestly same goes for EVs, though the BYD stuff is starting to fill that niche quite nicely. And compact + decent range is sort of at odds with itself.

digging 10/24/2024||||
> They are simply following the market.

This is badly misinformed. They make the market. When you buy a car, do you have it custom made, or do you select one that actually exists?

That's exactly what happened with SUVs. SUVs didn't happen because people were begging car companies to make them something big, dangerous, and wasteful. They happened because car companies in the US found a legal loophole where they could cut costs by skirting safety and emissions regulations, while simultaneously marking up the product as a premium one. Then they ran ads to tell people SUVs were super safe [for the passengers]. So when people started buying SUVs en masse, that wasn't organic demand, it was the result of a successful national misinformation campaign (because modern SUVs and other "light trucks" are so large you're more likely to just drive over your own child without seeing them than even get in a crash).

PaulHoule 10/24/2024||||
Not sure how much it matters.

I am thinking about getting a third car for the farm if I could get an inexpensive low range EV. If I am only driving to work with it or to go shopping or see a sports game at my Uni I can just it when I get home. If I need to go see a game in a distant city, well, I’ll take one of the gas cars so my son will take the EV and not the Buick to work one morning.

throwaway19972 10/24/2024||||
> They are simply following the market.

So is global warming. This excuse rang hollow 30 years ago and it still rings hollow today.

numpad0 10/24/2024|||
Or maybe the rest of the world has way less population per area and therefore more gas stations, therefore filling up was less of a problem compared to the US...
andrewinardeer 10/24/2024||||
Is paying more for a product that meets higher safety standards and more environmentally friendly a bad thing?

No, probably not.

That said, the lowest pricing point is a massive competitive advantage.

cbo100 10/24/2024|||
The Chinese made cars meet the same safety standards as US and EU made cars (at least the ones sold outside of China do).

I thought GP was talking more about the safety standards for workers in the factories - which do cost more to meet.

MrHamburger 10/25/2024|||
> Is paying more for a product that meets higher safety standards and more environmentally friendly a bad thing?

If end user does not care about these moral high grounds, then yes it is a bad thing for business.

throwaway19972 10/24/2024||||
I can't imagine the recent tariffs have helped much, either. Less competition and pricier parts is a bad combination for consumers.
chinabot 10/24/2024|||
They have cheap ICE cars
ponorin 10/24/2024|||
Lack of focus on EV which leads to lower production volume (Chinese carmakers focused on EVs long before Tesla got popular), trend of over-sizing which means it's big and heavy, dogged obsession in road tripping rather than playing to EV's advantage in city driving, and of course Chinese carmakers get/got a healthy dose of subsidies.
ASalazarMX 10/24/2024|||
In USA, EVs are traditionally built as an aspirational rather than utilitarian article. Tesla will design whatever it wants, make it expensive, and you will buy it if you want to be cooler than your peers. Chinese sell cheap EVs because they're regular cars no one will envy.

Or in a crude analogy, USA sells EVs like iPhones, China sells them like Androids.

shiroiushi 10/25/2024|||
>Or in a crude analogy, USA sells EVs like iPhones, China sells them like Androids.

I don't think that's fair to Android phones. Android phones come in a huge range of prices and feature levels, from cheap-o $40 phones with crappy displays but that will do everything you need, albeit with crappy photos, to $1500 phones with much better specs than the top-end iPhone and camera lenses from Switzerland.

Perhaps you mean "utilitarian, budget model Androids".

ZeroGravitas 10/25/2024||
High-end Chinese EVs are super luxury and beat western EVs on all sorts of specs, and come in all sorts of form factors, so the analogy holds, even if that's not what the original commenter intended.

Check out the Xiaomi car the CEO of Ford drives as just one example.

hencq 10/24/2024|||
A nice stereotype, but it doesn't seem to really match reality. See for example: https://insideevs.com/features/719015/china-is-ahead-of-west... At least Chinese consumers (and increasingly more European consumers) just seem to prefer the Chinese EVs.
ASalazarMX 10/25/2024||
The analogy holds in more than one way. For example, iPhones will gain/lose features at the convenience of Apple (even the bigger screen had to wait until a new CEO was in charge). You buy it as it was designed, the same as you buy a Cybertruck. They behave like designer brands.

Chinese EVs are more focused on what people need, and brands have a wider range of offers, similar to how you can find budget or flagship Androids to suit your tastes. They behave similar to traditional auto makers.

cobalt 10/25/2024|||
Something not said, but China often lets others do the expensive R&D
dzhiurgis 10/24/2024||
Model 3 is like $5k more and you get completely different level of tech.
nothercastle 10/24/2024||
Lots of advantages from labor to financing to government subsidies and environmental regulations. It would be nearly impossible to compete with that
tho42i34j234234 10/25/2024||
> "their views on quality are different from those of Japanese manufacturers."

I'm not sure what the reality is, but this "Japan is special" delusion needs to go. Yes, they have stuff that is top-notch, but this is not a given (just like in China).

For instance, in India, the top auto-manufacturer Suzuki (like other Japanese/Korean manufacturers) is known to skimp on construction quality and fares quite poorly in terms of safety rating etc. This while Indian manufacturers like Tata/Mahindra are coming out with solidly built models that achieve top-scores in safety.

If you look for videos on Indian Social media, you'll almost always find them pan on Suzuki for its flimsy construction - which is esp. concerning since road safety in India is quite poor.

left-struck 10/25/2024||
Of course Indian people are going to promote India brands on Indian social media, even if they aren’t being paid. I would be surprised if I didn’t see that, not if I do see it.

This story is so old, here’s how it goes: Germany used to manufacture the cheap vehicles after ww2 ended, then Japan started getting their shit together and they started undercutting german cars, then German car manufacturers, noticed they were losing market, so they started marketing their vehicles as more premium, better quality and more exclusive, with a higher price tag. They can’t compete in the same market as Japanese cars so they go to a new market, and they genuinely had been manufacturing for longer so maybe the cars were better quality. Then Japanese cars build a reputation as the manufacturing improves and South Korea starts producing cheap cars as well so now the Japanese manufacturers have to market their cars higher up in the market. Then china comes along… next is India, after that Africa. Along with this , in each of those countries goes the increasing number of middle class citizens and rising costs due to better pay and standards for those citizens… Alright this is a oversimplified version but like dude, of course indian social media is going to praise indian cars.

cws_ 10/25/2024|||
A heuristic does not need to be true 100% of the time to be useful. Subaru were well known for having timing belt issues that caused motor failure for much of the 2000-2020 era, but were still popular. That doesn't tarnish the good names of the manufacturers that people actually think about when they think about Japanese quality.
tim333 10/25/2024||
Japanese stuff used to be much better than Chinese but they seem to be catching up.
Overtonwindow 10/24/2024||
Affordable - made cheaply - is equated in this article heavily as “better” but that is not always the case. I would still hesitate to buy a Chinese vehicle over safety and quality.
gambiting 10/24/2024||
Nah - I own a Volvo XC60 that was built in China and it's about 10x better in terms of build quality than my last Mercedes that was entirely built in Germany and creaked like an old horse cart, I was in the dealership probably once a month fixing various issues with the interior. I've owned the Volvo for 4 years now and it has had zero issues, no creaks, fit and finish is great. So no, I wouldn't be concerned about owning a Chinese made vehicle, not in the slightest.
applied_heat 10/24/2024|||
Was your Volvo in China? I didn’t think any Volvos manufactured by geely were being exported, and production volume was still very low
gambiting 10/25/2024||
It was made in China in Chengdou and brought over(by train!), I'm in the UK. I was told by my dealer that conventional petrol/diesel models were made in Sweden, but right hand drive PHEVs were made in China, no idea if that's still the case nowadays.
daghamm 10/25/2024||
They are usually made where they are sold, this was probably a special case for your config.

New tariffs will probably stop this completely

whizzter 10/25/2024||
There's apparently some dealings in process due to the tariffs being imposed on moving final assembly or trying to use their local petrol manufacturing as a leverage for avoiding the tariffs. No idea about what'll come out of it though.
whizzter 10/25/2024||||
Geely made an incredibly smart move buying Volvo.

Ford had run down their reputation by forcing penny pinching cheap designs, but there was still a lot of engineering prowess in-house that had gone underutilized and made them a tech-team to catch up the Chineese tech, design and manufacturing to concurrent standards.

The only lingering worry is if they're gonna find themselves content with the amount of technology transfer and move on (because Volvo standards requires a high price point and non neglible market share).

neilalexander 10/25/2024|||
Even within Volvo's own lineup, my C40, built in China, has had far fewer quality issues than my previous S60 had, which was built in the USA.
GenerWork 10/24/2024|||
Motor Trend just gave the Lincoln Nautilus - a SUV made in China - their award for SUV of the year[0] and noted its build quality. While "Made In China" still carries a bad rap, I think that's going to change pretty quickly for more luxury goods like cars.

[0] https://www.motortrend.com/news/lincoln-nautilus-2025-suv-of...

tim333 10/25/2024||
I think there's a big difference between made in China for an off brand Chinese company which tends to be bad, and made in China for Apple/Volvo/Some western brand with quality control, which tends to be very good.
kube-system 10/24/2024|||
What does "[insert nationality] vehicle" even mean? Most cars are made up of designs and parts that come from all around the world.

Any discussion of the topic of product origin and quality is always heavily oversimplified.

There are many variables at play here: target marketing, design, manufacture, regulatory environment, etc.

bryanlarsen 10/24/2024|||
It's generally acknowledged that the Chinese made Tesla's are higher quality than the American ones.
tln 10/24/2024|||
You can and should check euroNCAP or IIHS for independent safety ratings if you care.

BYD's 4 model entered in euroNCAP have 5 stars.

SoftTalker 10/24/2024|||
All cars today are being made to squeeze maximum profit. The plastics will last maybe 10 years and the electronics will be NLA soon after the warranty expires. If your main computer dies the car is scrap. There is no serious effort to make new cars repariable or maintainable other than for very routine things like brakes. Cars are becoming more and more disposable items, by design.
shiroiushi 10/25/2024||
I guess you're not old enough to remember how horrible the interiors (both plastics and upholstery) in 1970s and 1980s cars were, nor how often they broke down.
SoftTalker 10/25/2024||
I remember. Yeah they weren't great for the most part, especially for US manufacturers.

The thing is though, those '70s and '80s cars were simple. They could be repaired. And any workshop could do it, you didn't have to rely on the dealership. With not much more than a basic set of wrenches you could repair many things yourself if you wanted to. That's not the same today. Many systems are effectively unrepairable, they are not designed to be repairable. Especially on EVs. Is there any EV that has been designed for easy battery replacement? Once these cars are out of warranty, any major problems will scrap the car.

shiroiushi 10/25/2024||
>That's not the same today.

Yes, it is. My last car was a 2015 model that lasted until 2019, so I don't think my information is out-of-date, but it was a Mazda and was very easy to repair (which pretty much never happened anyway aside from regular maintenance). Any my cars before that were easy too.

>Many systems are effectively unrepairable, they are not designed to be repairable.

Citation needed. People like you always make claims like this, but I think they're all myths. I've never seen any evidence of this myself. Perhaps it's because I didn't have American cars, and only Japanese ones? I don't know.

>Especially on EVs.

This is a different issue, and I can't speak to it as I've never had one. The vast majority of cars were and still are ICE cars, and your claim is about all cars.

>those '70s and '80s cars were simple

You obviously never looked under the hood of a 1980s car, with its maze of vacuum tubing.

SoftTalker 10/25/2024||
I presume you mean you sold it on in 2019 and not that your 2015 car lasted 4 years, as that would not be an example I'd hold up for the quality of today's cars.

I'm not surprised that a 2015 Mazda is a decent car. Mazda make good cars. But I'm speaking of cars made today. 2015 was almost 10 years ago. Cars have only gotten more complicated and less repairable since then.

Yeah wires and vacuum hoses look messy. But you can replace a vacuum hose by cutting a new piece to length with a pair of scissors. Good luck in a modern car when that same function is a digital signal in a circuit board.

shiroiushi 10/30/2024|||
>Cars have only gotten more complicated and less repairable since then.

Again, citation needed. I simply do not believe you. Outside of EV powertrains, car design has not changed much in 10 years.

shiroiushi 10/29/2024|||
Digital signals on circuit boards don't just "go bad" from old age. Vacuum hoses develop leaks all the time when the rubber gets old.
hooverd 10/24/2024|||
Heh, that used to be German and then Japanese cars.
ASalazarMX 10/24/2024|||
European NCAP has given great marks to BYD vehicles in crash tests. Just google "BYD crash test", most of the results come from them.

Compared to them, my Wrangler is a square death machine, although almost anything is safer than a Wrangler.

seabass-labrax 10/24/2024||
Well-designed off-roaders protect their occupants against the kinds of accident that might occur at relatively low speeds on rough terrain, with very rigid frames to prevent the occupants being crushed when rolling over. That is the very opposite design philosophy to most road vehicles, which are protected chiefly against high-speed collisions with other vehicles. The NCAP tests only cover the second kind of accidents.

I don't know whether the off-roading safety philosophy applies to your car though, as many SUVs and crossover cars are only designed to look the part, and are in fact more similar to ordinary road cars in safety design.

lll-o-lll 10/24/2024||
Clever design with reusable (between models) components. That’s “efficiency”. Efficient design often means better quality.

All countries that get into car manufacture seem to follow a similar path. 10-15 years of crap cars while building scale and expertise, then maturity with much higher quality. I think we are seeing the mature Chinese car industry now and it’s frankly impressive.

auguzanellato 10/24/2024||
> The source article highlights the so-called “E-Axle” used by BYD, which is comprised of eight different components. > It includes not only the motor, inverter, transmission and controller but also the onboard AC charger, the DC-to-DC converter and the battery monitoring system (BMS).

Sounds like that if one of those ever needs replacement you might as well just replace the whole car.

robocat 10/25/2024|
More likely you get a cheap replacement from a wrecked car. And when assemblies are common, workshops learn how to fix them.

I avoid buying cars with low volumes and custom parts: if anything is broken then it is expensive and slow to fix.

chiffre01 10/24/2024|
TLDR: Economies of scale.
neilv 10/24/2024|
I would call out design optimizations as distinct, though maybe economies of scale helps enable those.