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Posted by dagurp 13 hours ago

Invention of DNA "page numbers" opens up possibilities for the bioeconomy(www.caltech.edu)
134 points | 89 commentspage 2
jycnaw 11 hours ago|
Movies that come to mind that involve genetic building at this level are Gremlins 2, The Clone Wars, and some in the Alien franchise.

Yes, someone has attempted in the last to breed or alter for specific traits, we’ve cloned many kinds of life, and if there was extraterrestrial life here, someone probably mixed it with humans and animals.

But the pace of this is not going to increase anytime soon, if history is a judge. CRISPR was scaring people years ago when publicized, but those worries were unfounded and so shall these be. Life is much harder than coding apps.

jackconsidine 10 hours ago||
Saw the headline and thought we were coming full circle on GEB -- a discovery of page number mechanisms in DNA functioning like GOTOs in code.

It's instead a way to stitch together longer sequences of DNA. Still very cool

jurgenburgen 12 hours ago||
The article mentions AI multiple times even though the invention appears to have nothing to do with AI. I guess it’s important to have it as a marketing buzzword.

Sidewinder itself sounds neat.

Has anyone dabbled in hobbyist genome editing and DNA synthesis or is this something that requires a huge pile of capital?

maxboone 11 hours ago|
Probably AI in the sense of what Google DeepMind has been up to with the protein folding and other biological simulations, instead of the LLM variant of AI.
krzat 11 hours ago||
Cool. I wonder how long until we are able to steal anti-cancer genes from whales.
Kirr 7 hours ago||
Very cool, but may have some unexpected consequences. E.g., someone can probably use this to synthesize a bacterial genome containing every known drug resistance gene, and this is just the first thing that comes to mind. Possibilities for bioeconomy indeed.
jryb 7 hours ago|
You don't need to synthesize an entire bacterial genome from scratch to do this. You can just insert them one at a time into existing bacteria. Or just give them plasmids. Anyway, the ability to achieve the outcome you're describing has existed for decades.
unsupp0rted 12 hours ago||
This is probably the only way "humans" are going to colonize any planets other than Earth. And probably lots of new places on Earth too.

Just include the genes for extreme-cold or extreme-arid climates. Or the genes for low oxygen environments, or even for metabolizing useful things from eating rocks. Or from spending 24 hours a day in salt water.

wartywhoa23 12 hours ago||
The ease of this "just" is the most concerning thing in the context of humankind's survival.
Windchaser 7 hours ago|||
>The ease of this "just" is the most concerning thing in the context of humankind's survival.

Right? I wouldn't expect genes for heat/cold tolerance in other organisms to necessarily be useful in humans. They work by mechanisms that are useful for that organism, but humans have our own set of problems.

It's like saying you can strap a jet engine on to a tractor and expect farm work to massively speed up. No: the machinery doesn't translate for a clean swap like that.

vee-kay 11 hours ago|||
Then I recommend you don't find out what "Project Molecule" intends to do.
imzadi 8 hours ago|||
Care to enlighten? Google has nothing meaningful.
vee-kay 8 hours ago||
“Project Molecule": a proposed megafund in collision with Epstein, seeded with Gates-foundation capital and JPMorgan clients, with a sinister purpose : controlled pandemics!

Buried in the Epstein files is a 14-page JPMorgan proposal called Project Molecule—a formal partnership with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to transform pandemic preparedness into a permanently governed, privately controlled, transnational system of vaccine procurement, surveillance, and global health finance—developed within the same institutional ecosystem in which the convicted sex offender (Epstein) operated as a connective broker between Wall Street, global health, and political power.

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/08/magazine/jeffrey-epstein-...

https://portside.org/2025-09-15/how-jpmorgan-enabled-crimes-...

https://www.tumlook.com/katiepavlich/post/807627515385561088

https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/how-jpmorgan-enabled-jeff...

9dev 4 hours ago|||
These files are a never ending quell of evilness. It’s really fascinating. One day people are going to realise the upper 1% are just that—very few….
vee-kay 4 hours ago||
And those 1% elites are very rich and very powerful.. so they can do whatever they want.. (and that includes funding and controllimng unethical scientific experiments)..

World’s top 1% own more wealth than 95% of humanity, as “the shadow of global oligarchy hangs over UN General Assembly,” says Oxfam: https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/worlds-top-1-own-mor...

World's richest 10 percent holds more than three quarters of the world's total wealth: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1417996/wealth-held-rich...

Ten richest men double their fortunes in pandemic while incomes of 99 percent of humanity fall: https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/ten-richest-men-doub...

Over the past 30 years the U.S.’s top 1% got richer, and now hold nearly a third of the nation’s wealth: https://fortune.com/2024/10/08/congressional-budget-office-w...

mmooss 2 hours ago||
For the most part, they only have the power others give them.
vee-kay 5 hours ago||||
*collusion
vee-kay 7 hours ago|||
LOL, I knew this would be downvoted.
wartywhoa23 6 hours ago|||
Thanks for the heads-up!
vee-kay 11 hours ago|||
Is there a gene to avoid getting addicted to doomscrolling? ;-)
vee-kay 6 hours ago||
Relevant and topical..

TikTok's 'Addictive Design' Found to Be Illegal in Europe: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46911869

Gen Z less intelligent than millennials: How skipping books and doomscrolling are taking a toll on cognitive abilities: says Dr. Jared Cooney Horvath: https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/India/gen-z-less-intelligent-...

throwaway198846 11 hours ago|||
There is no way it is just "just". And we should start from simpler stuff like vitamin B12, C and D.
unsupp0rted 11 hours ago||
Everything is “just” eventually.

Just tell your car to drive you to the airport. On the way just tell it to play that song you like.

wartywhoa23 10 hours ago||
Alas, one's happiness (as in genuine inner wellbeing, as opposed to the consumption-based external one) is no "just" matter, and never will be.
krzat 11 hours ago|||
Imagine if we could turn our bodies into perfect spheres, and then adjust genetic beauty preferences to match it.
Windchaser 7 hours ago||
Seems like a heat dissipation problem
Traubenfuchs 12 hours ago||
Oh if only science was not constrained by ethics.

I can already see the people protesting against the creation of space marines.

vee-kay 11 hours ago|||
Science has never been constrained by ethics.

The same scientists who cry about ethics, have happily experimented on mice and guinea pigs in their labs, even if it causes the deaths or distress of those little sentient beings.

Mutations/mutatives like Halo's Master Chief and Marvel's Super Soldier serum won't remain sci-fi for much longer, methinks.

a_better_world 8 hours ago|||
former practicing scientist at an institute whose name you would recognize.

The field may not be fully constrained by ethics, which is just a way of saying that the work is done by people and people have varying ethical bounds, but from what I saw many of my colleagues were highly ethics driven.

I remember one Russian colleague who smuggled blood products out of Russia so they could be tested for HIV. Because the Russian government refused to help these patients. The man risked his life to help HIV sufferers.

Ethics is best when matched with courage, if a person is willing to put their life on the line for their beliefs.

Also noting that in the western world, experiments generally need approval of an ethics board before proceeding. That board's sense of ethics might make different judgments than you on, for example, mice experiments, but there is a big difference between "not constrained" and "some of the constraints are different than what I would choose".

where in this case, the ethics boards decided that provided a certain risk/reward barrier is crossed, and that the animals are otherwise treated well, sacrificing mice to improve human health is just fine.

That is an ethics based decision that was debated for a long time. And maybe should continue to be debated, there is real value in your stance that all beings are sentient and this demands a level of care.

vee-kay 7 hours ago||
@a_better_world: (apt username for this conversation!)

I do understand what you mean, and I do comprehend that animal testing cannot be avoided for scientific advancements to help and progress humanity.

But I have a simple motto I want to adhere to (it is very hard though, to practice it in principle and action daily): Ethics is best when it is for the good of humanity, without being bad for Earth.

In recent years, I am starting to feel humanity is sharply veering away from its basic ethics (and the first ethic must be to not shit where one eats - but hey, we are actively aggressively destroying the only beautiful bountiful planet we know of, that can support humanity), and doing whatever the top richest most-powerful elites want.

And this unbridled greed and apathy is going to sow the seeds for the downfall of humanity, I'm afraid. At the cost of our precious Earth and its other denizens who share this planet with us humans.

There has been a catastrophic 73% decline in the average size of monitored wildlife populations* in just 50 years (1970-2020), according to World Wildlife Fund‘s (WWF) Living Planet Report 2024.

https://www.worldwildlife.org/news/press-releases/catastroph...

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y3j0vzpl3o

Forests around the world disappeared at a rate of 18 soccer fields every minute, a global survey found.

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/22/climate/deforestation-wri...

Our generation is the last one that can still save the wild forests of the Earth, which help us cope with the climate crisis and preserve the biodiversity of the planet. A new study by Greenpeace Russia and the University of Maryland has shown that if urgent and effective measures are not taken to preserve wild forests, most of them will disappear in the next 20 years.

https://www.greenpeace.org/international/story/51810/wild-fo...

melagonster 11 hours ago|||
And save human life at the same time? Experiments are not just about torturing animals; people spend a lot of time optimizing for experiment design.
vee-kay 3 hours ago|||
Hey, did you hear about the Volkswagen Monkeys?

Volkswagen (the same megacorp that did the infamous Dieselgate/Emissionsgate scams) forced monkeys to inhale exhaust from its automobiles, to try to show that fumes from current models (the cars, not the monkeys) were less noxious than previous models.

https://www.msn.com/en-us/science/sociology/20-of-the-most-u...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_emissions_scandal

I guess this cannot be termed as "torturing animals" in the "name of science".

We humans also inhale vehicular exhaust fumes, don't we?

Oh wait, I forgot. Monkeys don't drive cars.

Or do they? https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=XW5NLeGEo94

vee-kay 10 hours ago|||
Human life is meaningless to people without ethics. For them, humans are guinea pigs; or worse - slaves.

Talking of "human life" and "experiment", did you know about this billionaire chap and what he's been really doing in the name of science, experiment and charity? https://m.economictimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/heal...

whycome 11 hours ago|||
No laws on mars
oytis 6 hours ago||
Could we better not?
nullbyte808 11 hours ago||
Such a simple concept took this long to discover? Now we just need a way of packing the DNA strings into blank cells reliably.
Metacelsus 2 hours ago||
It was known in 2006 but rediscovered recently: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20060281113A1/en
epistasis 8 hours ago|||
It's a lot like TikTok, right? It's a very simple concept: immediately produce customized video recommendations taking into account even the most recent interactions.

You just need a way to pack the TikToks into blank data centers.

(Note: blank data centers is a concept that kind of sorta makes sense. A blank cell doesn't make any sense at all)

ben_w 9 hours ago|||
> Now we just need a way of packing the DNA strings into blank cells reliably.

Huh, I kinda assumed we'd already done that part with Dolly the sheep. But I'm not a biologist, I just saw headlines.

oofbey 8 hours ago|||
They have a nice simple explanation. But the biochemistry of it I’m guessing is anything but simple. I’ve never heard of three way junctions in DNA before. I wonder how new those are. And designing the molecules to do the matching and splicing must have taken a long time.
pc86 9 hours ago||
"just"
nullbyte808 11 hours ago|
[flagged]
throwaway89201 11 hours ago|
What's the source of the text? It seems to be either a copypasta from a journal article or LLM-generated (and not your own text).
pcrh 9 hours ago|||
I briefly scanned the paper. The above summary is garbage.

For a biologist, a summary might be like this: pcr fragments are generated with short reverse complementary sequences added to the end of one fragment that match that at the begining of the next to-be-joined fragment.

These will anneal to create a cross-shaped DNA molecule. The short arms of the cross being the complementary sequences. Like so:

  ======∥=====

The short arms can then be processed-off to leave behind the now-longer fragment. The process can be repeated using different reverse complementary sequences between each fragment, the "page numbers" referred to.
oofbey 8 hours ago||
So do the complementary sequences naturally bind to their neighbors? So you just mix the “pages” in a soup for a while until they all find their friends. And then the custom enzyme (or what is it) just slices off the three way junctions?

Really clever.

pcrh 5 hours ago||
That's right.

It's one of those elegant solutions that just seem so obvious once they're presented. But this lot did it first.

direwolf20 11 hours ago|||
LLM–generated summary. A human summary wouldn't specify the temperature used because it's irrelevant.