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Posted by anjel 3 hours ago

F-35 is built for the wrong war(warontherocks.com)
157 points | 273 comments
johnsmith1840 2 minutes ago|
So none of them lost on ground in Iran.

No US ship was to my knowledge even hit by a drone/missle.

Iran has been prepping forever for this with Russian/Chinese equipment.

This sounds identical to previous arguments I saw of how hard it would be for US to beat Iran in open conflict. China is different but comparing theoretical ability with reality is different also.

The only reality we have as of now is that f35 completely dominated the enemy on every single front. It's insane to see discussions like these when we just witnessed one of histories greatest showcases of technological dominance.

There is no technology or method in this conflict that would have changed the current state. If a nation wants to toss cheap drones at you there's basically nothing that can be done. Another example is US blockade, without something that can take an F35 down there is actively nothing Iran or China could do to prevent a complete crippling of their country.

jjk166 1 hour ago||
> Meanwhile, modern conflict, from Ukraine’s drone war to naval engagements in the Red Sea to Iran’s own mass missile and drone salvos, increasingly favors systems that can be produced at scale and replaced when lost. The F-35 is a masterpiece. But a force designed around a masterpiece is not designed for long, protracted wars, and U.S. adversaries know this.

The problem is that the F-35 was intended to be the low cost, mass produce-able workhorse for long protracted wars against technologically inferior adversaries where extremely high performance would be unnecessary. Yes it incorporates advanced stealth and electronics that make it a very capable aircraft, especially when it's going up against F-4s, but these weren't driving the cost. The US had already developed these technologies, and once you have them putting them on another aircraft isn't too expensive. And in particular the main focus was on lifetime cost - keeping flight hours reasonable and maintenance down compared to a higher performance aircraft like the F-22. This plane was designed around exactly this sort of conflict.

The problem was horrific project mismanagement. Building factories before the design was complete, delays due to development operations being done in parallel, making essentially 3 different aircraft with radically different requirements use a common design - the initial program cost skyrocketed and the only way out was to keep upping the order quantity to keep unit costs low. Cost per flight hour was supposed to be $25k, it's now $50k. Engine maintenance time was supposed to be 2 hours, it wound up being 50. And the issues didn't stop after initial development - with each successive iteration there have been new issues resulting in further delays, with airframe delivery on average still being 8 months behind schedule. None of that had anything to do with the F-35's core capabilities. For comparison, the F-35 has lower production costs than the non-stealth F-15EX which is based on a 50 year old airframe, but it has a 30% higher flight hour cost, and the program cost is 100X for 20X airframes.

This sort of botched procurement has caused terrible issues for multiple military projects, such as the Navy's failed Constellation-class frigate program, or the Army's immediate cancellation of the M10 Booker. These aren't masterpieces built for the wrong war, these are failures at producing what was intended. One has to wonder how you can mess up Epiphone guitar production so bad you accidentally wind up with a Stradivarius. It does not bode well for the orchestra.

greedo 12 minutes ago||
The Booker was a perfect fit for the Army reqs, and filled a genuine need. But it didn't have a sponsor that was willing to pay for it. The Armor Branch didn't like it, and the Infantry Branch, which is the real user couldn't muster enough support in the DoD.

The Connie is a good ship and the two under contract will be fine vessels when they're commissioned. Frigates are no longer "cheap" ships, and the sticker shock was higher than expected despite the obvious changes that were going to be made to the FREMM design. But it's cancellation has more to do with dysfunction at the top of the Navy (and DoD) then the program of record.

Also, you're overestimating the flight hour costs of the F-35. Even the B model doesn't hit $50k. The other variants are closer to $35k/hour (adjusted for inflation) than $50K.

KumaBear 31 minutes ago|||
There are no consequences and those who produced the product still get rich and can still maintain the product with more fees on top. It’s by design
spongebobstoes 43 minutes ago|||
$25k per flight hour is a lot more than what drones cost
benoau 37 minutes ago||
What's crazy is there's lots of videos of Ukranians shooting drones from open-cockpit propeller planes that barely cost more than the drones!

I think in a serious drone war we would just have fleets of Cesnas flying around with a person hanging out the door with a shotgun lol.

rounce 3 minutes ago|||
We're already moving beyond that to having interceptor drones which are cheaper and far more expendable.
dgroshev 37 seconds ago||||
In a serious war drone factories are getting bombed (by F-35s) and there is no need to handle a never-ending stream of drones. The war in Ukraine is special because neither side is capable of air supremacy.

Note that the original article doesn't say anywhere that F-35-like capability is not needed.

rjbwork 25 minutes ago|||
Then you send a swarm and fly a few sacrificial drones them into the airplanes.
benoau 15 minutes ago||
Yeah but that drone swarm costs as much as the Cesna so it neutralizes the cost advantage / disadvantage.
scottyah 52 minutes ago|||
The F-35 is a massive success. It is a common design that brought together what would have been three to five different planes into one. Costs doubling is further proof of how amazing it is- inflation has basically outpaced that. Cost per flight hour has more to do with data analytics and the Socialism within the DoW (it's a jobs program) than actual need. A lot of delays were quasi-on purpose. It has crazy supply chain logistics, and has greatly strengthened ties with our allies, and helped boost their engineering and manufacturing capabilities.
angry_octet 25 minutes ago|||
The alternative future, of just producing non-STOVL, is particularly relevant now. The USMC needs some organic aviation, but it doesn't need an F-35C. Organic drones would be an excellent fit for Wasp class ships and beach head forces.

Of course it was all tied up with needing allies to buy to increase order size, and the UK Bukit the STOVL bits, so naturally they had to buy all STOVL jets to increase British industry buy.

It's a rat's nest of everyone trying to please all their stakeholders. It is, eventually, a great jet, but it could have been a better, cheaper jet, delivered sooner, and already past Block 5.

Oh yeah, did anyone mention how long it takes to integrate a new system onto the F-35? Fracking years. All of which has to be done by LM, forever. Because the F-35 is not a jet, it's a Master Contract.

gozucito 42 minutes ago||||
But what would you rather have? 2000 Shahed/Lucas drones or a single F35? Same cost for both.

The saying "Quantity has a quality all of its own" is not obsolete in 2026.

greedo 6 minutes ago||
F-35 can fly more than once...
ghaff 48 minutes ago|||
Given budgets and slipped timeframes, there was a lot of criticism of the F-35 unifying platforms as opposed to just letting every service do their own one (or two) things as had been the norm. But, at the end of the day, not clear it was a bad strategy.
angry_octet 18 minutes ago||
It is actually pretty clear. Getting there in the end doesn't mean it was a good choice.

The range of the F-35 is too low for the Navy, because it sits in the F-16 concept. But there is no fighter/interceptor split in the AF either, and the range is too low for AF as well.

So now we have the F-47, a very belated ack that the F-35 has short legs. But it also won't fix the problem because it is too focused on the F-22 role, absolute air dominance against e.g. J-20.

No one should call it success. It is what it is.

dmix 1 hour ago||
The same issues with fighter jets procurement infect everything these days. Public transit, space, government software, etc.
wakawaka28 14 minutes ago|||
Not everything. Specifically things where the government is involved. That includes government-subsidized private enterprise.
Rury 22 minutes ago||||
I blame the four horsemen of project management: Brooke's Law, Metcalfe's law, the Ringelmann Effect, and Parkinson's law.
_DeadFred_ 50 minutes ago||||
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antonymoose 31 minutes ago|||
It’s not as if Democrat run California can build a railway these days…

This problem is beyond parties and trying to play partisan politics about it only prolongs the hurt.

wakawaka28 11 minutes ago||||
Are you kidding? Republicans never cut anything meaningfully. They are only a shade more fiscally responsible than Democrats. Your comment totally blames Republicans and does not put any blame on Democrats who are at least 50% responsible for where we are today.
nickff 34 minutes ago|||
'Starve the Beast' may be their intent, but it hasn't been enacted or effective:

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYONET

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYONGDA188S

Rover222 1 hour ago|||
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tdb7893 45 minutes ago|||
I don't think aerospace is a good example of efficiency in the private sector. Lockheed Martin did the F-35 and it's main competition in the US is Boeing...

I'm not an expert but from my friends in the industry (including multiple at Lockheed and Boeing), it's definitely not a story about how good and efficient the private sector is. Boeing especially sounds like it's been a real mess with a lot of project management issues.

Rover222 28 minutes ago||
Those traditional prime contractors are basically part of the govt bureaucracy with how they operate. SpaceX and Anduril are good counterpoints.
greedo 8 minutes ago||
Take a gander at how much SpaceX has benefited from government contracts. And for Anduril, well the phrase "all hat, no cattle" is pretty appropriate. In all my years I've never seen so much hype for a company that really hasn't produced much.
amluto 49 minutes ago||||
I would like to see the government (at all levels) have more in house capabilities and less absurd degrees of outsourcing.

I’m currently watching an 8-figure park remodeling project happening near home. Instead of hiring one or two competent construction managers for a few hundred thousand dollars, the city seems to be spending several million dollars for outside management to oversee this one project. (Never mind how much they’re overpaying for the actual construction.)

mpyne 26 minutes ago|||
> I would like to see the government (at all levels) have more in house capabilities and less absurd degrees of outsourcing.

This would help at all levels.

It's very difficult as a government employee to properly supervise contractors when you have little idea what those contractors are actually doing.

But it's hard to gain that experience when you don't actually ever do those things yourself either.

Empower competent people and the government can still succeed, even today. The issue is that everything seem stacked against the idea of either retaining competence or empowering those who are competent to do their work.

Aside from the very real attempts by people to defang the government by offloading all of its functions to the private sector, government is also undermined by an entirely different coterie of idealist, who believe that all the government needs is more process and coordination.

It's very hard indeed to retain competent personnel when they're needlessly mired in non-value-added process steps that are there simply to provide CYA box-checking.

wakawaka28 5 minutes ago|||
Two different issues... On one hand, government should not compete with private enterprise because it has many unfair advantages. Imagine paying taxes to subsidize your competition, who is also exempt from regulations that apply to you. That is the kind of corruption that comes from government-run businesses.

As for this one:

>I’m currently watching an 8-figure park remodeling project happening near home. Instead of hiring one or two competent construction managers for a few hundred thousand dollars, the city seems to be spending several million dollars for outside management to oversee this one project.

Every time the government touches any money, there is an opportunity for corruption. I'm betting that there are kickbacks, nepotism, or some other bullshit involved in the case you mention here. There are countless fraud schemes. California is trying to pass a law against people like Nick Shirley investigating and reporting on widespread fraud, because they know where their bread is buttered.

rootusrootus 56 minutes ago||||
A lot of people believe the gov't can do a good job when it is not being actively subverted by people who ideologically want it to fail, and grifters. The only thing that has proven more expensive than having the gov't do something is having them partner with private industry to do it.
khriss 53 minutes ago|||
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warbaker 4 minutes ago||
One of the authors is a retired general, so he probably knows a bit more than us internet randos. Still, the last paragraph says: "The lesson of the Iran campaign is that the F-35 performed superbly in exactly the kind of fight it was built for." I feel like it's hard to gainsay the utility of the F-35 when it's useful in a real war we're actually in.

The author's main argument against the F-35 is that it can be easily destroyed on runways now, as drones and missile developments have outpaced missile defense, leaving the US and US allies vulnerable to a preemptive strike by China.

That might be true, but it's also strategically valuable to diminish the military capabilities of allies of China (e.g. the Iranian theocracy), which may make up for the tactical weaknesses of the F-35 against China in a direct confrontation. It's also possible that drone/missile defense will catch up (e.g. lasers), but that's hard to say at this point.

varjag 3 hours ago||
Somewhat ridiculous piece. Ukraine, 4 years after, still operates a significant number of jets it entered the war with. This is despite hundreds of attempts to eliminate them on the ground with airstrikes, drones, cruise and ballistic missiles.

And naturally F-35s on that theatre would have been a game changer making mass strikes on Moscow possible. For all the dysfunctions of American military industrial complex it remains a fighter without peers (unless you count F-22) or serious AD threat.

TheOtherHobbes 2 hours ago||
No one was going to launch mass strikes on Moscow. Russian nuclear doctrine would have treated that as an existential threat.

The psychology of Ukraine's drone campaign as a response to Russia's original drone launches is very interesting. It's a classic boiling frog move.

Drones are seen as an improvised amateur threat. Unlike a bombing campaign, which is seen as "proper war", drones are an annoyance. They're fragile, cheap, unglamorous, unsophisticated, easy to shoot down, and wasteful, because you need tens or hundreds to make sure a few get through.

That gives drone campaigns a huge advantage. You can do a lot of damage and your enemy doesn't quite get what's happening.

Psychologically, there's a Rubicon-level difference between someone dropping bombs on Leningrad from a plane and a drone swarm attacking the same targets.

In practice the threat level is similar. Drones have absolutely become an existential threat to Russia.

But psychologically, they're not seen as such.

Animats 28 minutes ago|||
Ukraine's top drone commander was interviewed by The Economist.[1] He used to be a commodities trader, and he looks at warfare from that perspective. His goal is to kill Russian soldiers faster than Russia can replace them, until they run out of young men. His drone units are currently doing this, he claims. They supposedly lose one Ukrainian drone unit soldier per 400 Russians dead. Material cost per dead Russian soldier is about US$850. He looks at attrition war as an ROI problem.

His risk management strategy is to have redundant everything, so there's no single point of failure. Lots of small drones. Distributed operators. Many small factories. Varied command and control systems. He makes the point that they use lots of different kinds of drones - some fast with wings, some slow with rotors, some that run on treads on the ground. There's no "best drone". Using multiple types in a coordinated way makes it hard for the enemy to counter attacks. No one defense will stop all the drones.

Ukraine built 4,000,000 drones in 2025. This year, more. The Ukrainian military needs a new generation of drones about every three months, as the opposition changes tactics. They view most US drones as obsolete, because the product development and life cycle is far too long. (See "OODA loop" for the concept.)

This is a big problem for the US military's very slow development process. Development of the F-35 started over 30 years ago.

[1] https://www.economist.com/europe/2026/03/22/ukraines-top-dro...

nradov 51 minutes ago||||
Ukraine has already launched several mass strikes on Moscow.

https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/moscow-comes-under-one-of...

https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/russia...

Even if Russia sees a particular tactic or weapons system as an existential threat it's questionable whether they have the capability to escalate further. I mean they can threaten nuclear strikes on Ukrainian population centers but would anyone believe that the threats are credible?

ceejayoz 2 hours ago||||
> Russian nuclear doctrine would have treated that as an existential threat.

They claimed that with basically every little sprinkle of new aid for like two years, until everyone realized it was a bluff.

Putin is many things, but actively suicidal looks like a no.

fsckboy 1 hour ago|||
Russian stated nuclear doctrine has been treated by the Russians as an existential threat to Russia if followed through on.
varjag 1 hour ago||
Then it's fine, as conventional bombing of Moscow is not an existential threat.
kansface 1 hour ago|||
Just because he hasn’t pulled the trigger doesn’t mean there isn’t an actual red line.
Sabinus 41 minutes ago|||
The red line is an invasion of Moscow or a strike on Russian nuclear capabilities.

Everything else is just an order for preemptive suicide.

einpoklum 33 minutes ago|||
"So what is the last resort? Piccadilly?"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgkUVIj3KWY

cineticdaffodil 2 hours ago||||
I dont buy that anymore. We had that "escalation" yell at every stage, every new tech. Tanks, jets, everytime ukraine got help, the "moscow puppets" yelled about nuclear war and escalation. I m of the opinion we could have stopped 4 years of butchery if we had supported Ukraine decisevly from the start. The words of the peaceniks just dont hold value anymore. They lack predictive power so significantly those utterances seem delusional at time. Quite frankly if sb marches into a peaceful neighbor country, they dont get to call for the referee the moment they kick the shit out of them.
eek2121 1 hour ago||||
Tell that to the folks on the front lines, along with folks on both sides, military or not, who have had to deal with it.

Russia would never nuke Ukraine to begin with. They know that by doing so, most of the world would unite against them, and many, including Putin, would be on the chopping block.

vogre 17 minutes ago|||
> Russia would never nuke Ukraine to begin with

Mostly because that's useless. Ukrainian weapon production and economy is located in Europe. Ukraine is basicaly western PMC now.

If nuclear war starts, nukes would be falling on European cities and facilities, not Ukrainian.

jasonfarnon 30 minutes ago||||
" many, including Putin, would be on the chopping block."

I think that's the above comment's point. Attack moscow -> existential threat -> they're already on the chopping block -> nukes.

einpoklum 39 minutes ago||||
> Russia would never nuke Ukraine to begin with.

Russia is not fighting Ukraine, it is fighting NATO in Ukraine. And, IIANM, it has the capability of hitting non-Ukranie NATO targets in various places around the world - with cruise missiles and such. The assumption that "oh, Russia will never do this" is actually quite reckless and dangerous; and I don't just mean dangerous to whoever would get attacked, but dangerous for people all over the world, as we may find ourselves in a nuclear exchange with multiple blasts in multiple locations with radioactive matter spread far and wide.

Regarding the drones - definitely agree with you that drones have completely reshaped the experience on the front lines of this war. I understand that in a recent exercise with NATO forces, a Ukranian unit of drone operators essentially "took out" a couple of battalions:

https://www.krone.at/4046529

sp4cec0wb0y 23 minutes ago||
> Russia is not fighting Ukraine, it is fighting NATO in Ukraine.

If that is the case they are doing a poor job at doing so, without even fighting the full might of NATO.

aaron695 2 hours ago|||
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virtue3 3 hours ago|||
That is totally false.

They have been getting replacement MiG-29s and Su-25s from allies and are starting to use f-16s from NATO nations.

"A coalition of NATO countries, primarily the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, and Belgium, are providing F-16 fighter jets to Ukraine. The United States authorized the transfer and is providing training and spare parts, with deliveries having begun in 2024 to strengthen Ukraine's air force against Russia."

So yes, they still have an airforce. They're just getting re-supplied.

Also the Ukrainian airforce was ULTRA conservative about sorties to make sure they conserved as many fighters as possible.

BobbyJo 2 hours ago||
"A significant number of jets it entered the war with" does not mean they haven't also gotten newer jets.
nickff 2 hours ago|||
From looking at the sources below, it looks like Ukraine still has about 1/3 of the fighter aircraft it started the war with, though it started with many non-serviceable units (seems that at least 20 aircraft were non-operational), and received many parts from abroad:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_warfare_in_the_Russo-Uk...

https://aerospaceglobalnews.com/news/how-many-aircraft-losse...

I am not sure what is meant by 'a significant number of', and I'm not sure if all commenters have a common definition of that phrase, so I'm unable to judge the veracity of the comments above.

dmix 1 hour ago|||
Pretty sure almost all of the functional ones were destroyed or were kept in such reserve for security they weren't being used.
isubasinghe 33 minutes ago|||
Hmm, this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_aviation_shootdowns_an...

indicates what the author said is true.

The majority of these losses are on the ground.

sobellian 2 hours ago|||
The thing about the Russo-Ukrainian war is that it is a failure for both sides. The primary lesson from this war is, how do we avoid ending up like those poor guys? If the US Army fights a war with anyone, let alone China, on the doctrine that it should set up a static attritional front line with drone warfare, the joint chiefs should all be fired.
peterfirefly 1 hour ago||
Don't have Germany be so dependent on Russian gas. Don't tear down nuclear power plants, build more of them instead.
moralestapia 14 minutes ago|||
>mass strikes on Moscow

Oh yeah, I'd like to see you try that.

Maduro was a clown. Iran is two orders of magnitude above Venezuela and the US (plus friends) are already struggling.

Russia is at least one order of magnitude above Iran.

I have no doubt that the US would win at the end, but at a massive cost of life and money. You cannot afford that, you cannot even afford a 1/10th of that.

I live in America, I'm obviously pro-America, but losing touch with reality will only make things worse.

The world is not like your RTS games.

cyberax 2 hours ago|||
Neither Ukraine nor Russia are using manned aircraft in any significant ways. They are at most used to lob gliding bombs from far behind the front lines.

> And naturally F-35s on that theatre would have been a game changer making mass strikes on Moscow possible.

And then what? Kyiv has been under relentless strikes from drones and missiles for 5 years. And Moscow was hit by Ukrainian drones several times.

You'll need to suppress all the anti-air defenses first, and it will likely be too costly.

varjag 1 hour ago|||
> They are at most used to lob gliding bombs from far behind the front lines.

You write that, and literally quote my point about F-35 making deep strikes against dense air defense possible in the very next sentence.

cyberax 1 hour ago||
It remains to be seen how well F-35s actually perform in that role against an adversary with modern anti-air defense and with modern drone-based tactics.

Both Russia and Ukraine learned to avoid concentrating forces, so what are you going to strike? Use an F-35 to attack a single Jeep with a mounted machine gun? F-35 has limited range and carries very limited armament, so you can't just carpet-bomb everything. At some point, you'll need to use much less survivable heavy bombers.

nradov 38 minutes ago||
Strike the stuff that can't move: government offices, factories, bridges, dams, power plants, ports, logistics hubs. The heavy B-2 bombers are themselves quite survivable, and were in fact used in the initial strikes.
cyberax 10 minutes ago||
Government offices are hardened against strikes, and they are going to be located beyond the reach of F-35s anyway in case of a war with Russia or China.

> bridges, dams, power plants

A war crime, btw. Bridges and dams are also notoriously hard to destroy.

> The heavy B-2 bombers are themselves quite survivable

They are, but less so compared to lighter aircraft.

morkalork 2 hours ago|||
It's like watching salami slicing happen in real time. It also forces a dilemma on Russia. Every move of GBAD to Moscow to defend against drone leaves an airfield uncovered. Move some to airfields and it leaves a refinery open. And on and on.
expedition32 2 hours ago||
The US not going full in on drones reminds me of the British ridiculing submarines.

The Chinese are going to spam literally MILLIONS of drones all over the Pacific...

carefree-bob 1 hour ago|||
Drones have a limited range and limited capacity to inflict damage. Yes, they are effective at hunting infantry, but you can't reach across an ocean and strike the US with "millions of drones".

Relatedly, aircraft carriers are great for beating up on small powers, but they are vulnerable and would not be effective at reaching across the ocean and bombing China.

Plus, both nations have nukes, so the idea of either China or the US "winning" a war against the other side is easily cancelled out.

What you are left with, is a lot of posturing about superpower wars which is a waste of time. All sort of people thumping their chest, wargaming things out, as if any of this nonsense isn't immediately squashed with the nuclear trump card.

There will be no superpower wars.

There will, however, continue to be wars against smaller states, and the F35, aircraft carriers, etc, are really effective at those kinds of things. That is, effective at waging the wars that will actually happen. Nukes and the pacific ocean stop any war of consequence against China.

rjsw 1 hour ago||||
When did Britain ridicule submarines?
wredcoll 1 hour ago|||
I don't know if you've looked recently, but the pacific is, likev pretty big. Maybe even bigger than that.

The primary problem with killing carriers is, has been, and will be, finding the things.[1]

Drone strikes on oil refineries work because, with few exceptions, the refineries rarely move. You can literally program a drone to go x miles in a specific direction and then drop a bomb.

It's also considerably harder to hide things like drones in big empty spaces.

If loitering drones became a serious threat (as opposed to the, you know, literally super sonic missiles the navy has spent the last 40 years planning for) itms pretty easy to imagine anti-drone planes/ships/drones sweeping a large radius around your carriers.

[1] Satellites can definitely do things, but they're not magical and people can track where they're looking and just... sail in a different direction. Also if someone was actually using satellites to target american carriers with munitions the americans would probably just destroy the satellites.

nine_k 5 minutes ago|||
Once the big valuable vessel is found, it can be reasonably tracked from orbit.

The interesting thing about drones is the ability to attack from many directions at the same time, overwhelming the short-range defenses. IIRC no fewer than 5 naval drones attacked the Moskva missile carrier at once, and successfully sank it eventually. Naval drones are compact, barely visible, and, unlike torpedoes, highly maneuverable.

Aerial drones are also highly maneuverable. Large navy ships are pretty tough on the outside, able to withstand a blast of a moderate-size shell or bomb. But they have smaller, harder-to-reach vulnerable areas. This is the kind of target drones are apt to attack precisely.

Most anti-air weapons are pretty expensive to fire, because they were intended against high-value targets like planes or cruise missiles. They are insufficient and wasteful to fire against hundreds of small, inexpensive targets.

It's like having a shotgun and a sledgehammer, but fighting against a swarm of hornets. Despite a large advantage in damage-dealing capacity, you quickly become incapacitated.

tempest_ 1 hour ago||||
A carrier battle group can easily be seen and tracked by commercial satellite constellations.

At minimum they travel with 6 or 7 ships and leave a wake a mile long and they only go tens of miles an hour, it isnt a speed boat.

Here is an Indian carrier (formerly Russian) on google maps and the US ones are large https://www.google.com/maps/place/14%C2%B044'30.3%22N+74%C2%...

I think people forget how many satellites are pointed at all parts of the planet. They are used for crop reporting and weather and all sorts of shit. It isnt the 1960s where only the super powers have them and they drop rolls of film.

phainopepla2 1 hour ago||||
> Satellites can definitely do things, but they're not magical and people can track where they're looking and just... sail in a different direction

I know nothing about this really, so forgive my ignorance.

Assuming a carrier is found and tracked by a satellite in the ocean, how could it possibly escape the satellite's detection before being targeted by a drone or some other type of munition? If the ship starts sailing in a different direction, the people (or AI) tracking via satellite would notice and adjust, right?

foota 1 hour ago|||
I don't believe parent is right, but satelites don't stay in one place unless they're on the equator, because otherwise they have to be moving. This means that you need many satelites to maintain coverage of a single spot.

I don't know how many military satelites China has, but I would have assumed it would be sufficient to cover the pacific sufficiently to find an aircraft carrier. (the obvious caveat here being clouds, which are fairly common over the ocean)

nerdsniper 56 minutes ago|||
The JWST has a 6.5 meter mirror. The largest (known) spy satellites have a mirror of ~3m diameter. At GEO (geostationary orbit) that would provide an imaging resolution of about 7 meters. An aircraft carrier is about 337x76 meters. So from geostationary altitudes, a satellite similar to a KH-11 would see an American aircraft carrier as a blob of about 48 "pixels". This is probably enough signal to track all aircraft carriers around the globe in real time. It would have a field of view roughly the size of Houston (50x50 miles) and would have enough electricity from solar panels to power reaction wheels to stay pointed at carrier groups indefinitely. (~15-year lifespan would be limited by xenon supply for ion thrusters that keeps the satellite in GEO orbit)
nradov 34 minutes ago||
The Chinese Yaogan-41 satellite is in geostationary orbit and might have a mirror in the 4m range.

https://www.csis.org/analysis/no-place-hide-look-chinas-geos...

nandomrumber 30 minutes ago|||
> but satelites don't stay in one place

What?

> unless they're on the equator

What?

> because otherwise they have to be moving

What?

rawgabbit 1 hour ago||||
I believe satellites are usually in an orbit. They can’t follow an carrier for example. The satellites may be in a constellation that can track the carrier. That is why anti-satellites weapons have been developed. E.g., a jet fighter flies straight up and then fires a long range missile.

https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Ty...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-satellite_weapon

peterfirefly 56 minutes ago||
Do you think a carrier can very far in the couple of hours it takes for a satellite to orbit around the Earth?
rawgabbit 11 minutes ago|||
My understanding is to track something like a carrier the satellite has to be in low earth orbit. Those circle the earth about every two hours. So it is not so much the carrier outruns the satellite; it is the satellite outruns the carrier.

https://eos.com/blog/types-of-satellites/

nradov 43 minutes ago|||
A carrier can likely get far enough to generate a miss. Missiles and drones have very limited sensors so in order to hit anything another platform has to cue them with a fairly precise target location. In other words, an adversary like China would need to have enough satellites, submarines, and/or patrol aircraft to maintain a continuous target track long enough to make a decision, launch the weapons, and have them fly out to the target. Current thinking is that China could probably do this inside the first island chain but would struggle to put the pieces together further out in the open Pacific Ocean.
space_fountain 1 hour ago|||
Some quick Googling implies China has satellites capable of tracking shipping via radar from geostationary orbit. I'm not really convinced that aircraft carriers can hide these days?
peterfirefly 55 minutes ago||||
If a network of hydrophones can track submarines, why can't they also track carriers?
nerdsniper 1 hour ago||||
China is putting containerized missile launch tubes and drone launch systems on their container ships. If these get widely deployed at some point, there could come a time when there will be weapon systems already on-location in all of the major ports of China's adversaries. Most naval facilities have civilian ports nearby.

Despite the nuclear reactor, aircraft carriers won't stay in the fight long if their supply lines are disrupted. And also it's not likely that a carrier group could fend off a wave of 10,000-20,000 drones launched from a container ship that happens to be sailing near it.

At the end of the day, we rely more on nuclear weapons and MAD to deter these kinds of major hostilities between powerful countries. Talking about how conventional weapons match up is a bit of a red herring. The only thing that would change that would be very reliable nuclear missile/warhead interception systems - and I don't think any country even has a roadmap to such a thing.

carefree-bob 28 minutes ago||
20,000 drones could hit a carrier and not sink it. 100,000 drones would not sink it. Not if they all landed direct hits. It's like firing a handgun against a tank. You need more oomph.

To sink an aircraft carrier you really need like 10 direct hits with hypersonic missiles. Or a couple of hits with a torpedo. If you are lucky, maybe even a single torpedo hit. People underestimate how hard it is to sink a ship. You really have to attack it below the water line, from the bottom. A single torpedo is more effective than 100,000 drones when it comes to sinking big ships.

What drones could do, is damage the runway and radars and other equipment that would constitute a "mission kill" -- e.g. the carrier has to withdraw for a period to fix the damage to equipment on deck.

But now think a little bit -- the drones have limited range. They have to be launched from somewhere. So just launch missiles from that location. You get the same thing -- a mission kill. You don't need a million drones. And the missile will have much larger range than the drones, and will cause more damage.

So the bottom line of all of this is no US aircraft carrier would venture near Chinese shores in the event of a war with china. That is probably because those shores would be lightning up with mushroom clouds anyway, as would ours. So what do you need the drones for?

tehjoker 1 hour ago|||
Yes, if you keep your carriers out of striking range they are invincible! lmao
vanviegen 2 hours ago||
It concerns me how casual the article and some of the comments here discuss an actual war against China, as if that were a reasonable scenario.

Of course I understand wanting to be prepared even for grim scenarios such as these. Military strategists should of course continually be refining such plans. But casual discussions like this, without even so much as a disclaimer about it being a hypothetical and extremely undesirable outcome, may pave the way towards it through normalization.

jfengel 1 hour ago||
A general war against China is impossible. But a "limited" war fought over Taiwan isn't beyond the realm of possibility.

Which does take it into a kind of Schroedinger's realm. The US takes it seriously, so it develops technology for it, and China doesn't invade. But would China have invaded if the US hadn't prepared for that war? Quite possibly, but you can never know.

lantry 10 minutes ago|||
aka the preparedness paradox https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preparedness_paradox
0cf8612b2e1e 1 hour ago|||
In the quite likely scenario that Iran goes on any longer, the US will become so war exhausted that we will be unable to provide any support for Taiwan.
carefree-bob 45 minutes ago|||
The Iran war is a skirmish by any reasonable measure. It does not exhaust either the US Navy or the Airforce, and the Army isn't even participating.

Now I understand it has a large impact because of oil prices and the closing of the strait of hormuz, but don't confuse the economic impact of the closing of shipping lanes with something that "exhausts" the US military.

Remember this is the military that spent two decades in Afghanistan and Iraq, using considerably more resources. Those were actual wars, followed by occupations that lasted two decades. And that didn't exhaust the US.

In terms of the Naval cost, it is occupying 15% of ships, with zero ships sunk or damaged. I believe there were 13 soldiers killed during strikes on bases in the area. Those bases have been manned for decades and have not exhausted the US Army. Let's maintain some perspective.

rurp 15 minutes ago|||
Reports are that the US has exhausted certain key capabilities such as high end missiles and interceptors. We've likely used more interceptors in a month against a fourth rate power than Ukraine has in their entire war against Russia. That's extremely damning and irresponsible from a strategic perspective.

Exhausting key functionality like that will absolutely lead to major losses of things like manpower and ships against a near-peer adversary.

0cf8612b2e1e 33 minutes ago||||
I would dispute the depletion of expensive munitions, but I still believe that is largely irrelevant next to political exhaustion.

I do not think most Americans would care to defend Taiwan, even against the China boogeyman. The practical realities of losing Chinese goods would be a devastating reality few are prepared to face.

carefree-bob 22 minutes ago|||
I agree, political exhaustion is the real constraint.

I personally would not be willing to do anything to defend Taiwan from China. But then again, I don't support any of the wars we fought in the middle east, either.

marklar423 21 minutes ago||
Just want to drop this link to the excellent https://acoup.blog/2026/02/13/collections-against-the-state-... which discusses the different costs of war, including how significantly weaker powers can win by increasing political costs.
0cf8612b2e1e 10 minutes ago||
JP Morgan is predicting $5/gallon gas. Apparently gas prices are one of the best indicators to predict presidential support. In normal times, this seems unfair-lots of external factors can influence gas prices. Rare that you can so directly point towards administration action causing an effect.

Every day this conflict continues is going to have devastating political outcomes. I largely subscribe to the belief that Kamala losing was a reflection that people were mad at inflation.

gozucito 18 minutes ago|||
The reality of losing TSMC is no joke either. I remember Covid times when many G20 leaders went to Taiwan begging for some chips so that they could keep exporting cars and other things that need computer chips.
carefree-bob 13 minutes ago||
What do you mean by "losing TSMC"? It's not ours.

Do you know what does belong to the west? ASML. What makes TSMC actually work.

gozucito 24 minutes ago||||
Do you know what percentage of THAADs have been used in Iran?
carefree-bob 15 minutes ago||
I get what you are saying, and I was sympathetic to this view in the Ukraine war (where we gave orders of magnitude more munitions than have been spent on Iran).

At that time, I believed it "We are running out of missiles, we are running out of shells", etc.

But it turns out the US adapted. They increased production, they substituted for next best options, they got other countries to produce for us, and still we have not run out. Not after years of Ukraine.

So I am no longer on the "US is running out of munitions" bandwagon. Plus, this military spending increases productive capacity.

poszlem 15 minutes ago|||
This is a misconception, and honestly it's hubris talking. The US has already burned through a big chunk of its key munitions. More than half of its THAAD interceptors, about a quarter of its Patriot stock, roughly 1,000 total with limited yearly production, and a serious slice of Tomahawks, some of which will take years to replace.

Even with ramp ups, you are looking at 3 to 4 years before extra production actually shows up. And for the really constrained systems like GBU-57, cruise missiles tied to Williams engines, or anything needing Chinese gallium, even that timeline is probably optimistic if China keeps export controls in place.

And this constant comparison to Iraq or Afghanistan just does not hold up. Those were wars where the US could sit in safe zones and strike from distance. A Taiwan scenario is completely different. It is right on China’s doorstep, against a peer the US has never actually faced at this scale. Even the USSR was not comparable in terms of economic integration or industrial strength.

edit:

If the ceasefire collapses this Wednesday as Trump has signaled, these numbers will start moving again, and the replacement time estimates will only get worse because the industrial base hasn't yet begun delivering against any of the surge contracts

0xbadcafebee 25 minutes ago||||
US will start a draft and turn up more warfighting manufacturing. They have no way to respond to things other than with violence. Of course they'll lose the fight for Taiwan, but America has no problem fighting stupid wars they then lose.
catlover76 59 minutes ago|||
[dead]
ExoticPearTree 2 hours ago|||
> It concerns me how casual the article and some of the comments here discuss an actual war against China, as if that were a reasonable scenario.

The last few wars started by the US were based on scenarios that looked good on paper and in reality they did not went so well.

Look at the Iran war: "we're gonna kill their supreme leader and the regime will fall". Almost two months later nothing changed in any significant way despite bombing it relentlessly.

Coming back to your concern, I'm pretty sure some people at the Pentagon believe the US can fight China using an expeditionary force and somehow win.

bluGill 29 minutes ago|||
The iran war - for all it was a bad idea eliminated a lot of iran's war capacity which seems to be the real goal - near as anyone can tell what they were. Regime change would be nice, but needs more than the us was ever gave indication they would do.

the followon effects like the closing of the straight were obvious which is why few Iran hatehs thought it was a good idea

wahern 1 hour ago|||
The Iran War never looked good on paper. The only people who thought it would succeed were Trump and the cast of characters he surrounded himself with. I doubt if many congressional Republican chickenhawks thought it would succeed.

The only way to oust the regime is with ground troops, ripping out the Revolutionary Guard and its tentacles. For all its corruption, Iran is far from a failed state, and there aren't factions waiting in the wings, ready and willing to take over the government with force. (There are political factions, to be sure, but they're already integrated into the government, though without leverage over the Revolutionary Guard.) The only armed group remotely capable of even trying would be the Kurds, but the US and in particular Trump screwed them over in the past, multiple times. Even if they thought they could go it alone (which they couldn't), there was zero chance they were going to enter the fray without the US committing itself fully with their own invasion force (i.e. success was guaranteed), because failure would mean ethnic Kurds would be extirpated from Iran, and might induce Iraq and Syria to revisit the question of Kurdish loyalty to their own states. And, indeed, Kurdish groups took a wait and see approach, assembling some forces but waiting to see how the US played their cards.

Cider9986 1 hour ago||
It does seem that way based on this article[1].

[1] https://www.nytimes.com/2026/04/07/us/politics/trump-iran-wa... https://archive.ph/gaHnu

wahern 44 minutes ago||
It's just so ridiculous. Nobody is going to be writing books about the mistakes or hubris of US intelligence, military strategists, or political scholars and analysts. Even the most diehard American proponents of regime change in Iran, at least those with any competence, could have predicted (and did predict) this outcome. This was 100% a Trump fiasco, though the whole country shares some culpability for this kind of epic failure by allowing someone like Trump to win the presidency... again.

It's a little ironic that its due in part[1] to Trump's reticence to commit ground forces that we've come to this pass. I hesitate to criticize that disposition, but at the same time it's malfeasance to start a war without being willing and able to fully commit to the objective.

[1] Assuming the war had to happen, which of course it didn't.

jonnybgood 57 minutes ago|||
> It concerns me how casual the article and some of the comments here discuss an actual war against China, as if that were a reasonable scenario.

It’ll be more concerning if wasn’t discussed in such a way. War is rarely reasonable. China doesn’t find it unreasonable to go to war over Taiwan. And for what? National pride and unity? It’s completely unreasonable, but everything they’re developing militarily is exactly for that. We must approach the subject clearly and explore every possibility as a real one. These discussions are about ending wars as quickly and decisively as possible while causing the minimal amount death.

999900000999 16 minutes ago|||
I'm convinced War Hawks in all countries are much like WWE performers.

The hype is it's own product.

janalsncm 44 minutes ago|||
The more I read about it, the more firmly I believe it is in the U.S.’s best interest to avoid military conflict with the world’s only manufacturing superpower.

Not that we could afford wars with non-superpowers either.

bluGill 27 minutes ago||
the us is a manufacturing superpower. China is visible for cheap, but the us is a major power.
vdqtp3 41 minutes ago|||
> an actual war against China, as if that were a reasonable scenario.

Most modern military planning considers it a foregone conclusion. Whether that's accurate or not is arguable, but approaching discussions of military spending from a perspective grounded in current planning is certainly reasonable.

tehjoker 1 hour ago||
The people advocating for war against china will complain bitterly and weep the soon as their snacks and new electronic devices stop arriving by ship.
bawolff 2 hours ago||
In the intro:

> Meanwhile, modern conflict, from Ukraine’s drone war to naval engagements in the Red Sea to Iran’s own mass missile and drone salvos, increasingly favors systems that can be produced at scale and replaced when lost.

In the conclusion:

> The lesson of the Iran campaign is that the F-35 performed superbly in exactly the kind of fight it was built for. The lesson for force designers is that the next war may not be that fight.

What a weird article. It starts out by saying f-35 is not fit for modern war. Concludes by saying it works perfectly in modern war.

The middle part talks about combining f-35 with drones to get the best of both worlds, but isn't that what people already are doing? Iran war allegedly had lots of drones on both sides.

And of course blowing up iran is going to be totally different from some hypothetical war with china. Will the f-35 work well in a conflict with china? I have no idea but the article didn't really make any convincing arguments about it.

dinfinity 2 hours ago||
> I have no idea but the article didn't really make any convincing arguments about it.

It did.

It pointed out that the bases from which the F-35s would have to operate in a war with China would be very vulnerable:

"The concentration of high-value equipment and personnel at each operating location makes the F-35’s basing problem qualitatively different from that of simpler aircraft. The loss is not just one jet but the capacity to generate sorties from that site."

It pointed out that you can't produce F-35s at scale, which fucks you in the long run:

"At over eighty million dollars per airframe, with Lockheed Martin delivering fewer than two hundred aircraft per year across all variants and all customers worldwide, there is no surge capacity waiting to be activated and no precedent for accelerating a program of this complexity on wartime timelines. When one side can produce weapons by the hundreds and thousands — missiles, loitering munitions, and one-way attack drones — while the other relies on small numbers of exquisite platforms, the advantage shifts toward the side with scale."

The key message of the article is simply this (which should not be "weird" to anyone):

"The corrective is not to abandon the F-35 but to redefine its role. A smaller fleet should be reserved for the missions that truly require its unique capabilities — penetrating advanced air defenses, gathering intelligence in contested environments, and orchestrating distributed networks of unmanned systems. The marginal procurement dollar should shift toward platforms that are cheaper to build, easier to replace, less dependent on vulnerable forward infrastructure, and expendable in ways that manned fighters are not."

2trill2spill 1 hour ago||
> "At over eighty million dollars per airframe, with Lockheed Martin delivering fewer than two hundred aircraft per year across all variants and all customers worldwide, there is no surge capacity waiting to be activated and no precedent for accelerating a program of this complexity on wartime timelines. When one side can produce weapons by the hundreds and thousands — missiles, loitering munitions, and one-way attack drones — while the other relies on small numbers of exquisite platforms, the advantage shifts toward the side with scale."

The article gets this wrong as well, the f35 can be built at scale, no other fighter aircraft is produced in such high numbers, its also significantly cheaper on a per airframe basis vs Gen 4 aircraft and its more advanced. This article is nonsense and the author doesn't know what they are talking about.

dinfinity 1 hour ago||
> the f35 can be built at scale

Really? Can you indicate how many can be produced yearly?

angry_octet 6 minutes ago|||
Yeah, you're not producing 5000 a year.

But it's a bit irrelevant because we couldn't produce enough pilots either -- the training pyramid means you can only graduate so many new pilots each year, capped by the number of instructors at each level.

There is a similar problem with drone pilots -- it took Ukraine and Russia years to scale up and get to the current level of skill. However, training drone controllers is cheaper because the aircraft cost nothing.

bluGill 34 minutes ago|||
More than any other non wartime fighter in recient history. and if war breaks out we can produce a lot more once we gear up factories - as every other war needed-
dinfinity 4 minutes ago||
That's a non-answer. You're comparing it within its category when the point of contention is specifically and explicitly that its production can't match that of drones etc. In a broader sense the entire category of manned fighter jets can't scale to keep up with drone production.

Ukraine produces thousands of drones a day, including interceptor drones.

A valid question is how the investment in drone warfare is best balanced with that in traditional warfare, but that is besides the point of the difference in scaling production.

micromacrofoot 56 minutes ago||
The F-22 or F-15 would have also performed superbly in Iran, they don't have modern anti-air capabilities.
fooker 3 hours ago||
The primary purpose of something like the F-35 program is not producing a bunch of jets that we can use to win wars. Similar to how NASA's purpose is not to make large rockets that send things to orbit for cheap.

It is to investigate new technologies (i.e. how do we control a thousand drones) and preserve domain knowledge in a large number of engineers spanning multiple generations. If all these engineers go work at $BIG_TECH optimizing ad revenue for watching short videos, we'll have to rediscover basics the next time.

When we have to fight the next serious war, we are not going to primarily use F-35 jets built twenty years ago, it's going to be something built on a similar platform in larger numbers to specifically address challenges of that era. If it can not be made cheap enough, whatever contractors involved are going to be nationalized. All major wars between comparable powers were fought with technology hot off the assembly lines, not billion dollar prototype models developed twenty years ago to bomb caves in deserts.

If you look at it from this angle, all the idiosyncrasies make sense. There's of course the inefficiency of defense contractors skimming off profits at multiple layers, but if you find a solution to that while preserving productivity, you'd win the economics nobel tomorrow.

ceejayoz 3 hours ago||
> When we have to fight the next serious war, we are not going to primarily use F-35 jets, it's going to be something built on a similar platform in larger numbers to specifically address challenges of that era. If it can not be made cheap enough, whatever contractors involved are going to be nationalized.

That is, to some extent, what the F-35 is; the mass-produced plane that incorporates what we learned from the F-117 and F-22 and whatnot. We've already made 10x as many as the F-22's production run.

fooker 2 hours ago||
Mass produced means something very different when it comes to wars between comparable powers.

There are barely more than a thousand F-35s, the number of US aircrafts used in WW2 was about 300,000.

If China produces 100 times or 1000 times their current numbers (and they can), marginal differences in capability are not going to matter.

wredcoll 1 hour ago|||
> If China produces 100 times or 1000 times their current numbers (and they can), marginal differences in capability are not going to matter.

If china somehow learnes magic and produced 10,000 f16 equivalents and got into a major non-nuclear shooting war with the united states... they'd lose 10,000 planes. At some point there is such a qualitative difference that numbers don't really matter.

fooker 12 minutes ago||
You are absolutely right ;) If the US keeps maintaining a several decade technology lead forever, that is..

That has never really happened in history, so good luck I guess.

jandrewrogers 2 hours ago||||
Quantity has been replaced by precision.

In WW2 the US would send a 1,000 bombers to hit a target and still miss. That's why they needed so many. Now a single attack jet can hit multiple targets with very high probability.

fooker 17 minutes ago||
Maybe you should read the article?

Quantity is back in the game again thanks to drones, right now we would lose without escalating to a nuclear war.

ceejayoz 2 hours ago|||
> If China produces 100 times or 1000 times their current numbers…

They get sanctioned and/or hit by B-2s long before the factories to do so are even completed, let alone producing a hundred thousand fighter jets.

fooker 14 minutes ago||
If you read my comment (or the article!) a bit more carefully, you'll see I mentioned comparable opponents.

Yes, if you can bomb your opponent without retribution you can indeed get away with what we have now.

This is what the F-35 and the modern US airforce is built for. We're likely not going to be fighting desert nomads forever.

wmf 3 hours ago||
The primary purpose of something like the F-35 program is not producing a bunch of jets ... It is to investigate new technologies

I thought the F-22 investigated the technologies and the F-35 is the mass-produced version.

When we have to fight the next serious war ... it's going to be something built on a similar platform in larger numbers to specifically address challenges of that era.

Not if every jet takes 20 years to develop.

If it can not be made cheap enough, whatever contractors involved are going to be nationalized.

Which would accomplish nothing since the rot is so deep.

jandrewrogers 2 hours ago|||
The F-35 was designed to be a partially-nerfed export version of some of the capabilities in the F-22. It was anticipated that the large production rate would significantly reduce the unit costs, which seems to have panned out. They probably shouldn't have tried to produce three significantly different variations of the same design, since that added materially to the development cost.

The 6th gen platforms appear to be coming in at significantly reduced cost relatively to what they are replacing, which was a major objective.

fooker 2 hours ago|||
> I thought the F-22 investigated the technologies and the F-35 is the mass-produced version.

Sure, I'd think of it as a mass^2 produced version then ;)

> Not if every jet takes 20 years to develop.

Think of F-35 variants, not entirely new platforms. If I have to guess, one reduced to a barebones autonomous version built for the purpose to commanding drone swarms and dealing with incoming drone swarms.

tpurves 3 hours ago||
The insight here is, that in current warfare, quantity is the quality that matters. And with quantity, cost of replacement needs to be low, platforms expendable, cheap to maintain and resupply. It, and it's support infrastructure, need to not easily be detected and targeted by drones while on the ground. F35 is not these things. It's powerful but brittle, and like many US platforms, too much value packed into too few platforms. Not enough sustain in prolonged modern conflict. A one-punch military.
dessimus 2 hours ago||
>The insight here is, that in current warfare, quantity is the quality that matters. And with quantity, cost of replacement needs to be low, platforms expendable, cheap to maintain and resupply. It, and it's support infrastructure

The irony, of course, is that the US military knew that back in WWII in how the Sherman tank was able to defeat the "better" German tanks for all the same reasons listed above.

dmix 1 hour ago||
Now the US has the same small set of defence contractors who are staffed by ex-government officials and no one asks any hard questions when every single project is 10yrs late and overbudget.
aftbit 2 hours ago|||
I think the insight is that you need a high-low mix. Some threats call for top of the line capabilities (like early days of the Iran conflict with stand-off munitions and top-spec interceptors being used against Shahed drones and cheap cruise missiles). Some threats can be more economically serviced by a less capable, cheaper, and more available system.
stevenwoo 45 minutes ago|||
Ukraine is using old school propeller trainer craft to shoot down some of the slower Russian drones. https://theaviationist.com/2024/06/26/ukrainian-yak-52-kill-... There's usually new footage of this every week on social media.

Don't really see or hear about the USA building or using propeller driven planes in military outside of special ops.

magicalhippo 54 minutes ago||||
I mean the armed forces already know this well. They have a bunch of units of regular soldiers, and then they have a few special forces units.
LorenPechtel 1 hour ago|||
100% this.

It's always been about the biggest, fastest, longest range punch. That is extremely useful for deep strike (which has always been NATO doctrine), but when the range is short you need quantity and mobility far more than you need quantity.

Being able to cut off your enemy is an extremely effective weapon if your enemy needs massive supply. Drop the major bridges between Moscow and Ukraine and the war would soon be over.

But when you can't do that for whatever reason you need quantity and mobility far more than you need quality.

gherkinnn 3 hours ago|||
The ideas that I as a civilian was sold over the past decades don't appear to hold up any longer.

As someone a while back put it, Russia lost several Bundeswehrs worth of equipment and keeps on grinding. Neither side is able to mass large forces, in a large part due to drones. And Iran can punish the US despite being comically outgunned.

Modern equivalents of Sherman and T-34 tanks over burdensome Tigers and a population willing to support heavy losses.

loglog 52 minutes ago||
A Bundeswehr worth of equipment is so little nowadays that Bundeswehr itself lost several Bundeswehrs worth of equipment while being at peace for the last few decades.
usrnm 3 hours ago|||
That's not a new idea, it's the same thing Germany learned about tanks in WWII.
dmos62 3 hours ago|||
I heard it argued that Germany didn't have the raw resources and production capacity to go for quantity. Especially later in the war. So quality it was.
wredcoll 1 hour ago|||
Not really, the tanks were both inefficient to operate and inefficient to build (lack of standardization, constantly changing plans, have to redesign every single part..)
the_af 32 minutes ago|||
That's not true. They could have standardized on a few rugged platforms -- and in fact, some in Nazi Germany advocated for that -- but their industry and engineering were generally self-sabotaging and a mess.
XorNot 3 hours ago|||
I mean not really? People focus on quantity but the German late war tank designs just sucked.
marcosdumay 2 hours ago|||
When people say things like the GP, they are talking about German early war tanks, not the late ones.

The problem is that the early WWII arms race was so fast that I don't know how anybody can say with confidence that Germany lost to worse tanks than theirs. By the time the allies got any volume into battle, they also got better designs than their earlier ones.

wuschel 1 hour ago|||
Depends what type of models you look at. There were many German designs that were much less prone to technical breakdowns due to pragmatic and mission focused design choices e.g. many of the Jagdpanzer ("tank destroyer") class like StuG II and Herzer were produced en masse and was very successful. Also, the Jagdpanther was a strong design.
sgt101 3 hours ago|||
There are three stances that I can see in the debate at the moment.

* Quantity has a quality all of its own.

* Innovation and agility allows you to adapt and survive.

* Low capability platforms often can't be used to deliver useful effect & commanders will try every option not to use them in a fight. When they get committed it can be disastrous.

The first two clearly have merits, but every military professional I have ever worked with has cited them at me, so I don't think that they are underweighted in discussion. I believe that the last one is not treated with enough weight in the debate. The best example I have of it is the Russian Black Sea Fleet. Platforms with glaring problems, fielded and maintained at huge cost, completely unable to achieve their strategic purpose. Even when sulking in port these ships have proven to be deadly for their crews and maintainers. Another example is the TB3 drone. It had a staring role for about 10 days in the Ukraine, but those were 10 days where the Russians ran out of petrol to run their air defence systems on. It hasn't been in evidence since because it just can't be used in the current environment.

One that worries me is the upcoming T31 (uk arrowhead variant) frigate. The argument for it is that it is a relatively affordable platform that the RN will have enough of to actually be able to get out and about. However, it doesn't have a sonar, so... what actual use is it as a frigate (I know the story about the helicopter and some other bits and bobs... but... really?)

Sure, when the other side has run out of the good kit dragging crap out of storage might work, but until then you are going to be sending good men to their death in second rate equipment. Is that going to build war winning morale?

Second rate equipment is for playing lets pretend, or for fighting wars of national survival. We should avoid both.

LorenPechtel 1 hour ago||
Quantity has a quality *if* it can get to the battlefield.

The big stuff is for trying to keep the small stuff away from the battlefield. When you can't do that for whatever reason you need a bunch of small stuff of your own.

But a frigate without sonar isn't inherently horrible--lots of places don't have subs.

TulliusCicero 3 hours ago|||
You can just do both. The US does have some cheaper, more expendable drone platforms, and it's continuing to work on more. It should probably scale up production of them, though.
scottyah 40 minutes ago|||
Pawns are the only piece that matter on a chess board?
titzer 3 hours ago|||
The total cost of the entire program over its projected lifetime is $1.7 trillion. The F-35 is made by one company, Lockheed Martin (with some pieces made by a couple others). This entire program is a massive transfer of taxpayer money into one company.

Another data point is that it's estimated that all student debt in the US combined is $1.7 - 1.8 trillion.

No wonder America keeps falling behind.

pohl 3 hours ago|||
I think you're ignoring subcontractors and other suppliers. It's probably more like a thousand or so companies.
carefree-bob 25 minutes ago||
Yeah, congress forces the military to contract out to companies in enough congressional districts to secure passage of the legislation. We basically force these companies into byzantine and inefficient supply chains because we treat it all as a jobs program.
scottyah 41 minutes ago|||
> The F-35 is made by one company, Lockheed Martin (with some pieces made by a couple others)

This isn't even remotely true, who is paying you to post this drivel?

trvz 3 hours ago|||
That’s no insight, just a fact from the entire history of warfare except when one side had rifles/guns and the other didn’t.
notpachet 3 hours ago|||
I feel like there's a brute-force analogy to be drawn with the "Bitter Lesson" that we saw in AI development.
andrewstuart2 3 hours ago||
One thing you and the OP are not addressing is that most of these modern tactics are also necessitated by the fact that building an air force, navy, or cavalry that can beat modern superpowers is just a complete non-starter.

I'm not so sure the F-35 is built for the wrong war as much as the war would probably call for the F-35 if it didn't already exist.

chrisss395 19 minutes ago||
I would just point out that 10-15 years ago Defense executives were talking about drone warfare (search "The Third Offset Strategy"). I recall an executive client being obsessed with this, and in fairness back then they had lost major contracts because their components (think electronic warfare) were designed for max power, i.e., max size and weight.

Again, this was 10-15 years ago. Now with the Ukraine war everyone acts like it is obvious...and I agree, it has been for awhile. We just never had a theater to test this stuff in. I suspect US defense contractors were on-board for Ukraine and Iran to advance development efforts significantly.

angry_octet 11 minutes ago|
It was obvious to many, and it was obvious also that air forces would oppose this because it was a massive shift in thinking.

They have only come around a little at present. US Army is still buying Apache.

The US primes were caught napping in Ukraine, all the new tech is indigenous. They haven't deployed anything new successfully. The traditional exquisite weapons could win the war early, but of course Biden held them back because he's an idiot, and Trump spent them against Iran. Now they are gone. In the mean time, Trump cancelled the infrastructure to design and build armaments during DOGE cuts, now he wants to scale back up, but the money will be wasted because industrial capacity is not there.

0xbadcafebee 36 minutes ago|
The American military is a jobs program for defense contractors. They build the most expensive thing possible because they know we will pay for it, and that we'll just keep increasing our military budget. They build for war with nuclear-equipped, highly developed nations, specifically because the smaller nations aren't a threat to us. So when we do decide to go knock out a smaller nation, we don't have the warfighting capability to tackle a small nation. When we try to blockade with our ships, a single drone can do so much damage that the ship is useless, so we don't use them. They aren't practical for anything other than launching inland sorties. And we have a relatively small infantry, so we can't fight big land wars.

And the military is corrupt. They misplace hundreds of millions of dollars (cash) when they go overseas. The IRS is responsible for finding massive fraud schemes that the military never noticed. Why didn't they notice? Because there's no consequence. The military isn't a business; they can practically write blank checks with taxpayer dollars, and if they lose the money, what're we gonna do, fire them? Same for contractors. They can overcharge us or build faulty weapon systems/vehicles/etc, and it's not like we have 10 alternatives around the corner.

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