I find that the effects can be pretty subtle, and if I'm already tired there's usually no coming back. What I think has worked best for me is to re-up on caffeine a few hours before I think I'll be tired, or around when a previous dose is wearing off. Also, if trying to stay awake, food and entertainment are also quite important. If I hit a point where I'm hungry, cold, and tired, and going to the kitchen to eat sounds like a chore, it's usually too late for me. When the bed's closer, it's hard to resist.

I've also noticed that I have a sort of natural energy in the morning. I think of it as being similar to how a seed has enough energy in itself to sprout and then get sunlight. It's probably so I can make myself eat and whatnot. I don't really need caffeine to "wake up" as much as I need it to stay awake later in the day, and even if I do have a coffee with breakfast, I'll often get tired before the normal day is over.

I think this description is often associated with ADHD memes.

Falling asleep after a can of energy drink.

tea also has caffeine, although in smaller quantities. Maybe you mean that you don't care so you go by taste, just specifying because there's a common misconception about tea not having caffeine.

If the effect size is big small sample sizes does not matter as much as otherwise.

You really have to look at the power analysis and the sample size together.

Saying this as a general truth. I am not sure about the power of the method in this papper, i only read the abstract.

Studies seem to indicate that coffee is at least as healthy, if not healthier than tea, and I have not heard this about caffeine specifically (aka the same effects coming from pills or energy drinks).

One fun fact: we still haven’t figured out why coffee makes us poop. We’ve studied every chemical in there and can’t seem to find a link, but the association is uh… well-known.

There have been positive and negative reports for a long long time. If coffee was going to kill us, I’d certainly have died in school!

Don't fret. You're allowed to enjoy things that aren't part of the scientific reductionist longevity influencer lifestyle fad :)

Maybe I have some neurological issue or something but whenever I quit coffee I find it extremely difficult to maintain any kind of motivation to sit in an open plan office and code. Coffee makes me a worker bee, I can understand why employers give it away for free.

So, the coffee stays for now.

Coffee in general is unreasonably healthy as a beverage. The overwhelming majority of science agrees it’s a quality health drink.

Relax. Tomorrow there will be a paper/article saying coffee is great for you.

Did you know:

    By replacing your morning coffee with herbal tea, you can remove up to 87% of the little joy you still have left in your life.  /s

Keep the coffee buddy.

Could you elaborate on how to interpret your comment without it leading to anti-intellectualism?

You are missing the point.

If you can predict someone's coffee intake based on testing of their microbiome then you've proven that coffee intake has predictable effects on the microbiome.

The important part isn't predicting coffee use, it's just the proof that there's you can predict and perhaps control in the opposite direction leading to more research.