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Posted by gnabgib 15 hours ago

Three men are facing charges in Toronto SMS Blaster arrests(www.tps.ca)
172 points | 93 comments
alister 7 hours ago|
In Brazil, people get so much SMS spam and phone call spam that many people turn off notifications for all text messages and phone calls and use only Whatsapp (even for voice calls).

But once in a while my iPhone in Brazil will get spam as a unblockable "system message". I'm not sure if I'm using the correct term. I'm mean that it looks just like an Apple system notification and it disappears without a trace afterward, but the content is obviously spam.

I wonder how they are able to do this.

ninkendo 40 minutes ago||
I wonder if the cell carriers are seeing this as the existential threat it is, or if they’re just continuing with the whole “bury our heads in the sand” strategy.

If having a phone number has no benefit and only brings spam, and WiFi is ubiquitous in urban areas, a huge chunk of the population don’t really need cell plans any more. And the places without WiFi coverage (less dense areas) are the most expensive to provide service.

In the US at least, the FCC used to be pushing hard to combat the spam, like requiring authentication for caller ID, and it was the carriers that were dragging their feet and lobbying against it. So something tells me they just continue to view all the spam senders as an easy income source and don’t mind letting their whole business model die if it means short term profits.

ronsor 6 hours ago|||
> unblockable "system message"

This is a "flash SMS" message: https://nickvsnetworking.com/flash-sms-messages/

kotaKat 30 minutes ago||
The nice thing on iOS at least is that they make it known it's a flash message. You'll get a full screen modal dialogue including a "Why did I get this message?" link that informs you about it and also informs you that sometimes they're used for scams.

https://i.imgur.com/lrSrm0n.jpeg

Android just gives you a generic popup that says "Class 0 message" in my testing.

apt-apt-apt-apt 1 hour ago|||
In USA, I personally get 3-5 spam phone calls and voicemails daily. Mostly all the same, like "your $20K loan is almost ready".

One time, I picked up, and it was this seemingly incredibly rude person who sounded real but continue talking in a pushy manner without stopping despite what I said.

It's insane getting so many calls all the time like I owe them a bunch of money or something. Anyone else get this?

e40 39 seconds ago|||
I got 3 calls purportedly from hubspot in the last week, from 3 different caller ids. It wasn’t a robocall, the same voice. I just hung up the first two times and the third asked him to stop calling. Incredible. I only answered the calls because I was expecting a call from an unknown number.
lxgr 52 minutes ago|||
This matches my experience.

The US seems to have completely given up on protecting its public phone network against abuse, while at the same time relying on phone numbers as the primary identifying key and authentication method for humans in countless business processes.

It took years (if not decades) of regulatory neglect to get that bad; I doubt there’s an easy fix at this point. It’s really concerning.

tim333 40 minutes ago||
It's not a prefect system but I don't use a landline and set unknown incoming numbers to silent unless I'm actually expecting a call. Someone important trying to call can always leave a message but the spammers never have.
devilbunny 12 minutes ago|||
> Someone important trying to call can always leave a message

Curiously, it seems to have become a cultural touchstone not to leave a voicemail. I have had to educate people about this. My service is with Verizon, and for what I assume are historical reasons the caller will hear rings on their end even if my phone isn't receiving the call (AT&T does not have this issue). If you don't leave a voicemail, I literally have no way of knowing that you called. Said voicemail can be as simple as "call me".

I'm a physician, and the hospital where I do most of my work has a policy against sending PHI over text (a very reasonable policy). So many nurses are reluctant to text me anything, even when it's just "please call Adam on 3 South".

lxgr 36 minutes ago|||
If people need to stop notifications for incoming calls/messages, I'd call that dysfunctional, not just suboptimal.

And what's worse is that even if this were to be fixed now, the reputational damage is already done, since many people will probably never change their devices back to ringing again.

> Someone important trying to call can always leave a message but the spammers never have.

My US mailbox is full of spam calls.

compounding_it 7 hours ago|||
>use only Whatsapp

WhatsApp here in India has so much spam now. With ads, I am starting to think these spam are just ads sold by WhatsApp.

anilakar 6 hours ago|||
> that it looks just like an Apple system notification and it disappears without a trace afterward

Probably so-called SMS flash messages. They're shown as overlay popups on Android too.

ExpertAdvisor01 6 hours ago||
Probably they use flash sms(class 0 messages)
nubinetwork 14 hours ago||
This was hugely overblown in the media... While the device operates like a stingray, they were using it to spam and phish. The whole claim of "we've never seen this type of device before in Canada" is a lie, because the government and law enforcement both use them. I guess it's okay if they do it, but nobody else can...
kevin_thibedeau 11 hours ago||
> hugely overblown

Did they graciously forward emergency calls and text messages to the real phone network?

cucumber3732842 2 hours ago|||
The fact that they didn't get busted in no time at all seems to point strongly in that direction. With the amount invested in this operation that would just be common sense.
dnnddidiej 1 hour ago||
Might as well start a telco at that point.
lxgr 1 hour ago||||
“Please enter your 16 digit payment card number to be connected to an emergency operator”…
echelon 10 hours ago|||
Hopefully nobody in the area was an oncall surgeon, engineer, etc.
mc32 14 hours ago|||
Yes I think they mean they hadn’t seen it used before outside of sanctioned organizations. Though one could argue some bad actors inside the org likely used it outside of official capacity though not likely with knowledge or approval by superiors.
anigbrowl 13 hours ago|||
Wouldn't it be great if public officials would say what they in fact mean the first time?
rdevilla 13 hours ago|||
Torontonians are hardwired to be incapable of speaking like this.
bigiain 11 hours ago|||
And law enforcement are trained to speak a language with sounds like english, but isn't, and which makes no sense.

https://www.mcsweeneys.net/articles/an-interactive-guide-to-...

(A long-ish read, but totally worth it. the "punch line" is beautiful.)

philipallstar 2 hours ago|||
Speed and brownness were involved in a jumping‑related incident with a lazy dog and a fox.
rdevilla 10 hours ago|||
Poetry.
raverbashing 4 hours ago|||
I would say Canadians but British Columbians (yes this is the actual term) are even worse
hluska 4 hours ago|||
An sms blaster was never used in fraud like this in Canada. Does that really make that big of a difference to you?
boneitis 10 hours ago|||
I don't buy it. To me, it'd be like hearing them say "we've never seen spam/scam phone call campaigns before!"

This loses all believability, given the fact that i can reliably go out of town to a different area code and immediately start getting phishing/scam/robo calls/texts from numbers of said area code. Granted, i am U.S.'ian.

tamimio 11 hours ago|||
To add, ISED literally goes around in cars to scan for non registered BTS (or even non conforming ones) and report them, sometimes (or a lot of times) they catch false positives when the interference happens to be a strong LED lol. The gov uses the tech to ID individuals however, especially in group gatherings or around certain locations, always look around for big vans with no windows :), I either don’t take my phone or it’s always on airplane mode until I want to disable it briefly before activating it again.
yieldcrv 2 hours ago|||
prosecutors have never seen them because the DA has never brought a case against the agencies that use them

so it’s an accurate statement

the government isn’t one thing, it’s people that don’t work for all agencies

hluska 4 hours ago|||
The claim was that this was the first time that a device like this has been used in fraud but go ahead, misread things and become outraged. I’m sure that in this case the fraudsters properly forwarded all 911 calls so no harm, no foul hey?
panny 14 hours ago||
A government backdoor was found and abused by criminals? No one could have predicted this! :)
QuantumNomad_ 14 hours ago|||
Isn’t it less of a government backdoor and more of a result of generally old and insecure protocols still being in use for telecom?

Like, the phones happily connect to these fake towers because the signal is strongest from that one and there is no authentication to verify who the tower belongs to, nor encryption of SMSes?

Affric 7 hours ago|||
Well said but by the time mobile phone towers were built we had been tapping phone lines for a long time. Hard to not think that to an extent default insecurity for telecoms was a choice.
sitharus 5 hours ago||
When it was developed it was assumed that the cost of cellular equipment and, in some countries, the regulatory hurdles required to get authorisation to purchase radio transmitters that operate on licensed bands would make it almost impossible to do this.

I worked in a company that had a base station emulator in their testing lab in 2008. I can’t recall the cost but it was well over $10,000 and only worked with direct antenna coupling, it couldn’t broadcast.

Now we have software defined radios.

Nasrudith 25 minutes ago|||
Do you honestly believe that teleco companies wouldn't receive government backlash about 'the children' if they were to implement an actually secure standard?
Jolter 14 hours ago|||
It’s not exactly a back door. It’s a fake radio cell, mimicking your network provider and acting like a man in the middle. In that sense, it’s like a stingray. The differences are

1. The Stingray eavesdrops, but avoids interfering with user traffic

2. The stingray is operated by law enforcement, not by fraudsters looking to steal your money

AngryData 12 hours ago||
In mamy parts of the US, the cops are the fraudsters looking to steal your money. So it isn't that much of a difference.
Cider9986 9 hours ago||
Ban civil asset forfeiture!
dreamlayers 14 hours ago||
How is this possible? Are phones willing to connect to any cell and blindly trust that text messages from there are genuine and really coming from the numbers they claim to be coming from? Isn't there some cryptographic verification?
mcpherrinm 14 hours ago||
2g networks didn't have the phone verify the network, so yes they can do this.

At least as of today, most phones have an option to turn off 2g but that isn't a default.

OptionOfT 12 hours ago|||
The only way to truly disable 2g on an iPhone is to enable lock-down mode, which is a step too far for me.
lostmsu 19 minutes ago|||
At least Pixels have the setting to disable 2G, which is on by default.
xamuel 10 hours ago||||
Agree. I do a lot of travel and in 3rd-world countries it is quite common to get 2g spam, it's really unacceptable that Apple doesn't offer a way to turn off 2g short of lockdown mode.
lxgr 42 minutes ago||
Are you sure it's not sourced from the visited network? In that case, 3G or beyond wouldn't help you, as mutual authentication does not imply end-to-end authentication of all traffic between you and your home provider.
akimbostrawman 6 hours ago|||
It's always amusing to me how apple tries to hide basic security features behind there super duper totally secure mode which nobody will enable because it destroys usability.

Meanwhile GrapheneOS in the default mode is as much or much more secure (and private duh) than there marketing mode with little to no usability decrease.

opengrass 14 hours ago|||
Plausible. Only Rogers still has working 2G.
mcpherrinm 13 hours ago|||
It doesn't matter what the network is doing; the phone needs to disable 2g. There's various ways to get the phone to downgrade to 2g otherwise, eg https://montsecure.com/files/2021_downgrade.pdf

Android has it as a toggle: https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/cellular-s...

iPhone disables it for phones in lockdown mode.

Scoundreller 13 hours ago||||
And if you have a modern enough SIM+phone combo, it won’t even display the 2g network as an available network, nor 3G on my device.

I wonder if this mostly hit international SIMs, since they wouldn’t be running the same level of SIM code to prefer various network locks like a local SIM.

Helps you stay under the radar and gov services over SMS is a lot more advanced outside of Canada if you want to do some fraud.

gruez 12 hours ago||
>And if you have a modern enough SIM+phone combo, it won’t even display the 2g network as an available network, nor 3G on my device.

Source? It might just be that your carrier retired its 2g/3g network, not that the phone/sim refuses 2g/3g connections. If some cell tower popped up claiming to 2g/3g, your phone still might happily connect.

Scoundreller 9 hours ago||
source = Rogers SIM in me phone

my Telus/Bell SIM shows the 3G network tho

stephen_g 7 hours ago||||
That's incredible, here in Australia they not only shut down all 2G networks almost a decade ago, but they've already shut down 3G as well!

Although now looking at Wikipedia there are a lot more 2G networks sticking around than I realised, still hard for me to believe given what's happened here!

wil421 2 hours ago||
You do realize it’s a fake 2g/3g network and most phones don’t care. They will happily connect to whatever they support.
lxgr 1 hour ago||
Only if they’re not already connected to a better network, no?
llm_nerd 11 hours ago|||
Which is interesting in that they very publicly shut down the 3G network last year.
capitalhilbilly 14 hours ago|||
The original standards weren't expecting anyone but carriers to send messages and ramping up security has been a slow process, so downgrade attacks probably work nicely.
opengrass 14 hours ago|||
Guessing the spammer doesn't want to overload towers or be foxed within the same 3 so they're driving. Maybe the hats(?) shut off on rotation... or eSIM?
kotaKat 13 hours ago|||
Well, based on what I'm gleaning from https://www.smsbroadcaster.com/ (yes, they sell these brazenly in the open), I suspect they're doing some SDR shenanigans to bring up fake cell networks and leverage Cell Broadcast instead of just SMS.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_Broadcast

They are also interfering with connections and attempting downgrade attacks to do 2G SMS messages as well (and is likely where Canadian carriers were picking up the 'millions' of attacks against its network and failed authentication attempts).

Amusingly this was all also caught because of Telus reviewing those SMS messages that were reported as spam from people on iOS/Android and realizing that the messages weren't being terminated inside the cell network at all when they tried tracing them out and suspected that this was the case.

ndisn 7 hours ago||
>Dafeng Lin, 27, of Hamilton, Junmin Shi, 25, of Markham, and Weitong Hu, 21, of Markham
ronnier 6 hours ago|
I wonder why the article didn’t name them?
criddell 12 minutes ago||
They did here:

https://www.tps.ca/media-centre/news-releases/arrests-made-i...

rafram 14 hours ago||
Why would someone use one of these instead of good old fashioned SMS / iMessage / email spam?
mcpherrinm 14 hours ago||
There's zero spam filtering interfering this way, and you can target your messages very precisely.
tonyarkles 13 hours ago|||
And zero record of it ever happening as far as the carrier's concerned.
sofixa 5 hours ago|||
Idk about zero, my Android device has SMS spam filtering, putting them in a separate inbox, hiding the notification, and with big red warnings if I indeed open them.
yard2010 4 hours ago||
Rest assured the state behind this attack does it as well. Why not both?
numpad0 8 hours ago||
Oh so it's happening in Canada too? I've seen it reported on media in another place few months back.

Someone's shipping a standardized kit of Stingray with battery and PSU to be installed in the back of German station wagons. The kits are suspected to be spamming phishing texts, at least some in Chinese. The cars are driven as unregistered taxis paid for on Chinese platforms, avoiding taxes while also justifying its driving routes and expenses that involve tourist destinations.

It's not clear to me if this Chinese authority/PLA doing or if it's another one of those southern Chinese warlord thing, both sounds plausible.

red_admiral 4 hours ago||
And Switzerland: (German) https://www.srf.ch/sendungen/kassensturz-espresso/kassenstur...

There too, the person arrested was a Chinese citizen.

nubinetwork 1 hour ago||
I've also heard of this happening in NZ. https://www.1news.co.nz/2024/10/03/sms-blaster-found-for-fir...
xiconfjs 6 hours ago||
Do you have any source for this? It‘s not about trust in your information but do get deeper into this topic.
awei 3 hours ago||
would encrypting sms and using some kind of authorized certificate authorities, maybe the ones from the country's phone carriers, alleviate this issue?
lxgr 1 hour ago|
3G and beyond use mutual authentication between your phone and home network, so this only works while phones still happily connect to 2G (GSM) networks if nothing better is around (or is getting jammed at the same time).
SadErn 10 hours ago||
[dead]
AirMax98 13 hours ago||
Quote from article:

> This wasn’t targeting a single individual or business. It had the ability to reach thousands of devices at once.

This statement reads as AI-assisted — kinda interesting to see, because I am not sure it even is? This type of formal speech language is basically unintelligible from slop now.

bawolff 13 hours ago||
This reads like a pretty standard sentence to me. Especially in the context of a police press release trying to explain tech to the public.

I think at some point people see AI everywhere because they look for it everywhere.

stephen_g 7 hours ago||
Yeah, I mean if you think about why do LLMs use this kind of phrasing so much, it's just because it was already a common sentence construction in the training data written by humans!
dumpsterdiver 11 hours ago|||
Are you trying to make a point that we should remain open to the possibility that humans can express themselves eloquently?
tamimio 11 hours ago|||
It’s there to prevent “public panic” ie they weren’t after you specifically or after xyz group, but just random mass attacks, or to prevent more cases and parties to be involved
fragmede 12 hours ago||
I mean, you used an emdash. Are you an LLM?
caymanjim 12 hours ago||
LLM would have used it properly and omitted the spaces.
cnst 9 hours ago|
These things just prove that the entire "security" industry is a sham.

At one point, every bank would ensure that your password COULD NOT be saved by your browser, because sEcUrItY.

Which is precisely the scenario where typing your password into a site like this is possible.