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Posted by nandakishor_ml 10 hours ago

I built non-autoregressive decision models with RL a year ago(laya.convaiinnovations.com)
939 points | 226 comments
johnfn 2 hours ago|
It’s a tale as old as time — people don’t understand that marketing and branding are just as important, if not more so, than the product. Jev is exceptionally-well branded. Anyone can look at the webpage and understand it, and the implications, instantly.

OPs “marketing” is a single post on Reddit titled “ Predicting sales conversion probability from conversations using pure Reinforcement Learning”. Can you understand what that means? I can’t, and I consider myself reasonably technical. Is it obvious it has the same implications as Jev? Again, no idea. And it was just a single post on a subreddit that I don’t even browse! I see people on this thread saying “Jev is just BERT”. Sure, and Dropbox is just a ftp account mounted with curlftpfs!

I do feel bad for the author for finding something cool and being unable to brand it. But the full definition of “product” INCLUDES being able to coherently communicate it. In some sense the branding is just as much the “breakthrough” as the model.

calebkaiser 1 hour ago||
This is also a really common thing in ML specifically. We joke about getting Schmidthuber'd, which is when Jurgen Schmidthuber (sometimes correctly) announces that he or one of his colleagues actually proposed your thing 37 years ago in a Japanese linguists journal.

Statistical modeling, from simple classical stuff up to modern deep learning, just has this dynamic where the theory is rich and bottomless, but the actual components of implementation are pretty neat and compact. So for any given idea, there are probably 20,000 other people who have had the same intuition, just with subtly different application or implementation. Add in that depending on what your particular flavor of research is, you might name an almost identical implementation something completely different. And it leads to a huge amount of sour grapes whenever anyone's idea really garners attention.

If you listen to any podcast with a founder in the ML space who has been in it for long enough, they will invariably say at some point "We actually developed xyz over a year before OpenAI"

robrenaud 2 hours ago|||
> “Predicting sales conversion probability from conversations using pure Reinforcement Learning”. Can you understand what that means?

I can understand it, and it wouldn't excite me at all.

Jev has a beautiful API and is advertised as something much more general.

verdverm 1 hour ago||
The title doesn't reflect the content of the paper or project, which uses things like RAG and an orchestrator, so more than "pure RL"

(the project before it was rehashed into Laya since Jev was released)

XTXinverseXTY 37 minutes ago|||
OP's was leaky slop from day one [0][1], as is his article [2]

It is arrogant and entitled for the author to take credit for the concept of RL over sequence embeddings, and none of the work that went into pretraining, not to mention the egregious target leakage [1]

[0]: Author fails to grasp the concept of virtual environments https://www.reddit.com/r/LocalLLaMA/comments/1kl0uvv/comment...

[1]: his `train.py` has `outcome` as a model input (conversation_metrics built from _parse_conversation which includes outcome): https://huggingface.co/DeepMostInnovations/sales-conversion-... https://huggingface.co/DeepMostInnovations/sales-conversion-...

[2]: 100% of this post is AI-generated https://www.pangram.com/history/97e0be84-391d-46b8-9c16-2d8f...

anonzzzies 1 hour ago|||
I think OP, as said on Reddit, wanted to get a lot of investment and ride the wave but did not know how to. This was said as such on Reddit today by them. This is indeed a shame especially it was a year earlier but indeed a lack of marketing; many people on Reddit told what to do in this case, in hindsight, it’s worth checking it out imho.
verdverm 1 hour ago||
this is a prior HN post from OP adding color to their underlying motivations

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49674396

bennett_dev 2 hours ago|||
Especially with „ sales conversion probability“ it just doesn’t sound universal to other issues - there’s tons of unique models for specific use cases
TomGarden 42 minutes ago|||
Not to go all meta but the very post were commenting in is also good marketing and branding.

So while the initial post was not good, the author is currently succeeding to some extent at what you're describing

victor9000 2 hours ago|||
It's also well established that an algorithm or architecture alone are not enough to produce a useful model. The same architecture can produce vastly different results depending on the training data, post-training, harness, etc.
porridgeraisin 32 minutes ago|||
I think their problem is more not being cited by the team at typesafe, as in general academic politeness. On the one hand you have the charitable assumption that they developed it independently. On the other hand, my opinion is that it is naive to expect companies to do that even if they took inspo from it, especially when this is a core product theme, and not just some supporting infra. They will of course market it as their own. If they ever release a technical report, they might cite it there, but there is no way their landing page and announcement tweet cites it.

Also, the way highly empirical fields like ML work is that it could very well be the case that typesafe had to do a _lot_ of work to improve this one, and in this field it ends up different enough that they feel they are doing something entirely novel[1]. I am not endorsing that 100%, but that happens a lot even between academics. In many cases it is valid.

[1] For example, this guys implementation seems to have atleast one serious issue, as {solution to OLS} points out in a sibling comment: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49770027

tinyhouse 1 hour ago|||
You're right but it's not the full picture. It's much easier to market when you have a name brand behind you. Not sure the author would've done much better even if he messaged it better. It's like the difference between someone random saying something smart on Twitter and no one gives a shit and Karapthy saying the same thing and everyone talks about it. I'm not saying it in a bad way - those with clout around them earned the people's trust by doing something right. But it's not easy to get there and there are many people doing great things that get very little publicity if at all. Not to mention in this case Jev came from a startup that raised a lot of money and can spend it on good marketing.
rvz 2 hours ago||
This 100%. Engineers really lack understanding in marketing and branding.

No one cares if you are "first". They only care if your product is known by as many people as possible and is better than all the other alternatives at solving a problem that is worth paying for.

If you don't market, then no-one will care that you exist even if you solved a problem decades ago. Someone else will use your solution and take inspiration (and credit) off of your discovery because you didn't bother to tell anyone about it.

This is exactly what happened here.

wavewrangler 1 hour ago|||
Sorry, but he did tell people about it, no? He showed his receipts. Reddit, arXiv- What I am seeing here is "it's just better marketing". When it comes to prior art, is better marketing sufficient? On one side we can say it's better marketing, but on another side, the side that should actually matter, coming from the direction of him being first, can't we say, it is just better research? Being that he was first and all, and Jev hasn't even published anything according other than what I read. What I am really trying to ask is, is marketing even relevant at this point? So if you have good marketing, you can just steal someone else's work, intentional or not?
malux85 45 minutes ago||
Steal is a loaded word here, and I argue that you cannot unintentionally steal someone's work. Stealing is deliberate, malicious theft. Its an action taken with consciousness of guilt. Other derivations exist but then its not stealing and therefore isnt that word.

But that is NOT the point AT ALL. The point is, the same point that comes up on hacker news 1000 times a year - ideas alone are near worthless and execution matters.

Execution includes marketing that gets you enough attention. Because theres 10,000 other similar ideas of varying quality and marketing that others will point go saying "I wAS tHErE fiRsT"

All of this stems from the human bias of both (a) wishful thinking and (b)thinking people value what what we produce. These are natural human biases and are often dangerously wrong.

Programmers always think its just the idea and a prototype that is valuable, because they can produce and idea and a prototype (people what what I have) which causes them to massively overvalue ideas and the importance of "who was first" and all of that because they are sanctifying the small thing they produce.

It doesnt have to be malicious - the plain truth is theres 10,000 other ideas that are close enough that could be considered stealing even if they were truly independently developed, ideas are virtually worthless, get rid of your human biases that are clouding your judgment and focus on what matters if your idea is truly great : execution

verdverm 1 hour ago|||
another way to look at it, a product is the whole experience (landing, docs, sales, support, code, branding), not the implementation of an algorithm or process
prometheus1992 6 hours ago||
I think the main gripe that people had with Jev and Typesafe was the language used when they launched. To me personally it seemed like a parody/con/shady at first.

"Breakthrough", "our research went in another direction" , "Two years in stealth", "System One thinking model", "Jev can't hallucinate", "RLCD","We are doing very cool stuff, but we will have to hire you to tell you", - these are some of the things that they said on their website on the launch blog.

I had used versions of bert to achieve the same functionality years ago. But to me it seems like they were able to trick the VCs with "can't hallucinate" etc.

To the above author, kudos for sharing your work and making it open. Something like this shouldn't be closed in the first place when it has been available for so many years

yojo 2 hours ago||
Is this equivalent though? The Laya article ends with “ Treat Laya as a fast foundation model to specialize, not as an omniscient zero-shot oracle.”

I have a dozen different things at work that are currently using LLMs as classifiers for different questions. I don’t have the time, data, or resources to fine tune a model for each of them.

I haven’t had a chance to plug in Jev yet (waiting on approvals), but if it has the general intelligence claimed in the press release, then Laya is in no way comparable for my use case, and whatever TypeSafe has done is a substantial innovation over the Laya paper.

dwa3592 2 hours ago|||
hey, you might wanna try this? - https://github.com/deepanwadhwa/OpenDecision

it's very similar to jev's api and runs locally - if you like it, you can try jev for your actual usecases.

vasco 2 hours ago|||
In a world of agents, doing a BERT run takes about 2 hours from having an empty folder. Just a thought you could consider. Once you've done the first you can do the rest of them before the end of the work day.
adastra22 2 hours ago||
BERT run on what? You would need training data, no? The things would use Jev for have no training data. Not that kind of problem.
wild_egg 6 hours ago|||
Last time I did anything with a BERT, you had to train or fine-tune. Is that not still true?

For me the cool bit is that it's all in-context learning or whatever so you can use it in any domain with zero setup.

Maybe bert and co. could do all the same things before, but the way in which you use them is quite different and that helps a lot.

prometheus1992 6 hours ago|||
It depends on your usecase but the models do show general capabilities. check this model out.

https://huggingface.co/MoritzLaurer/deberta-v3-large-zerosho....

baobabKoodaa 5 hours ago||
So you're not even trying to defend your claim? Reminder, you said:

> I had used versions of bert to achieve the same functionality years ago

I remember when BERT came out. I played with it. Other people played with it. You couldn't really get it to do useful stuff, unless you put a ton of effort into it, and even then, it would BARELY do anything useful.

The promise of Jev is that it's FRONTIER INTELLIGENCE, not the intelligence of a pre-chatGPT era model.

If you are trying to claim that BERT is somehow on par with frontier models, that is laughably false. (Whether Jev is on par with frontier models can be questioned as well.)

prometheus1992 4 hours ago||
I am not sure I understand what you're trying to say. We fine tuned bert for a specific usecase to build essentially what jev is but for that particular domain. We did this in last 2, 2.5 years ago. A lot of people did that. There are tons of bert fine tuned versions available on HF.

>>The promise of Jev is that it's FRONTIER INTELLIGENCE,

- capitalizing won't do much for your claim if it's wrong. Promise of Jev is it can't hallucinate, it took 2 years to develop in stealth mode, it's funded with $30 million. None of that makes sense, if you can get 90% of the performance from an open source model that's been available for years.

spullara 1 hour ago|||
he is trying to say that you didn't make Jev at all. you fine tuned a model for a particular domain while Jev works across all domains. seems different right?
verdverm 4 hours ago||||
the difference is likely not in per domain performance, but rather that you can get similar performance across domains without needing to craft a dataset and retrain, i.e. it has a broad knowledge base and works out of the box (unclear if this is accurate, but have heard it postulated)
baobabKoodaa 4 hours ago||||
[flagged]
evrydayhustling 5 hours ago|||
We used to use BERT-based embeddings + semantic distance for classification / decision problems in new domains. There was a lot of interest at the time in these kinds of pre-generative but portable models -- Meta's Prophet was another example that came up a lot.
avereveard 1 hour ago|||
btw that how mmlu score things to answer question instead of producing all the answer token they look at logprob of a b c d keys in 2020 making this technique old as dirt in nlp
maleldil 56 minutes ago||
This technique is so obvious to anyone who spends more than a minute with multiple choice tasks. It's wild they're claiming it as a feature.
seizethecheese 4 hours ago|||
I was confused by the “can’t hallucinate” thing, because it sounded like BS but people were taking it seriously. I purposefully asked a stupid question sort of like “this can’t hallucinate because it only has one output and there’s a schema?”. Was disappointed to learn the answer was yes.
MisterMunchkin 4 hours ago|||
Yeah it’s hilarious, it definitely can hallucinate. Just because it can only hallucinate “A” or “B” rather than a whole paragraph, doesn’t mean it is suddenly more accurate.

And they’re acting like their probability isn’t as hallucinated as any other LLM guess.

seizethecheese 4 hours ago||
They’re definining hallucination as a property of iterative generation, which is fair enough, but then it’s sort of like selling a boat and saying it doesn’t need tire changes.
TeMPOraL 3 hours ago|||
It does make some sense given they're positioning it as alternative to the normal way you'd implement such output shape, which is to slap a prompt on a frontier LLM and maybe run it in "constrained output" mode if you like things fancy. Against that use case, the "no hallucinations" and parallelism and cost claims all sound legitimate and useful -- and similarly, "but we could do that with BERT two years ago" does not.
seizethecheese 1 hour ago||
I mean, the constrained output mode also doesn’t hallucinate in this sense.
fastball 3 hours ago|||
I don't think that is an entirely fair comparison. They are comparing Jev to the way people are currently using generative LLMs for things like classifying/tool calling/any kind of structured output.

For example, if you feed in some context to Jev and Claude Haiku and say "make the appropriate tool call based on this context", Claude (or any other frontier LLM) will hallucinate tool calls some percentage of the time. Jev will not. While yes, the "will not" is constrained by Jev's (lack of) capabilities in some sense, this is actually a very real need for a wide variety of use-cases people are currently using off-the-shelf LLMs for at the moment.

Probably the better example is the whole probability thing, where even if you use something like constrained decoding to ensure an LLM only outputs a certain schema, and therefore can't hallucinate a class, if you ask for probabilities, the probabilities output by the model are just hallucinations. Jev meanwhile is outputting calibrated probabilities for different choices based on the actual landscape.

refulgentis 3 hours ago||
"will hallucinate tool calls" doesn't match any definition of hallucination I've seen in 4 years. Tool calls are output of the model, it can't "hallucinate" they happened. Maybe you're describing output we'd disagree with?
adastra22 2 hours ago|||
Not the person you’re replying to, but I think that was a bad example. Because an LLM‘s output is iterative, the output ends up being influenced by various attractors. That doesn’t happen when you one-shot a single prediction (or multiple parallel predictions). That is a whole category of things, that people traditionally call hallucinations, that are structurally cut off by Jev’s architecture.

That doesn’t mean the models outputs are correct, nor is TypeSafe claiming that afaict.

fastball 2 hours ago|||
Hallucinate tools that don't exist.
0x457 2 hours ago||||
Why would you think "can't hallucinate" means "can't pick wrong probability of an option" ?
dojomouse 1 hour ago||
Hallucination is the result of a series of choices of options based on poor predictions of probability (or poor sampling from a probability distribution). As I understand the typesafe approach they’re allowing the set of options to be constrained, but the potential for a misrepresentative probability distribution is still there, and hence so is the potential for “hallucination”.
mrbonner 2 hours ago|||
But that hallucination is reproducible so you can adjust the prompt. Unlike an LLM in which everything is wildly not deterministic.
dojomouse 1 hour ago||
LLM can be made deterministic too, they’re just generally not because the element of randomness is a feature.

There’s a big difference between deterministic and smooth though. Typical LLMs certainly aren’t reliably smooth, so the small prompt change might product a large and unpredictable output change. I’m not sure if that’s any better with the typesafe approach.

dominotw 4 hours ago|||
you forgot the main one "from the guy who invented chatgpt"
refulgentis 3 hours ago||
As long as we're in a thread about people "tricking", what you're claiming was written, or a synonym thereof, or kinda-sorta-the-same-thing, is not written anywhere.
verdverm 1 hour ago||
TechCrunch wrote the phrase in a headline

https://techcrunch.com/2026/09/18/a-new-kind-of-ai-model-fro...

refulgentis 56 minutes ago||
Claimed: "The guy who invented ChatGPT"

Headline: a ChatGPT inventor.

dominotw 37 minutes ago||
ok sure. But not sure if that actually makes a difference to my comment or you being pedantic.
refulgentis 3 hours ago|||
"But to me it seems like they were able to trick the VCs with "can't hallucinate" etc."

I don't understand why we lept to accusatory and personal, nor do I understand where this connects with the article, nor do I understand the assertions if I ignore either of those two things.

The article claims non-hallucination, it makes sense, then there's just someone sort of hand-waving at it's obviously false and people dumber than you were tricked. Not sure what trope to invoke here. Chesterton's fence?

yipinwong 5 hours ago|||
Baity claims worked didn't it for Jev? (most likely from AI forsure)

I might not have a good rep for Jev any more but at least I know what kind of model to use for decisions for graph engineering.

gong_hits 2 hours ago||
[dead]
Oras 9 hours ago||
I played around with Jev last night and did it for classification tasks that I used Gemini 2.5 flash lite with.

It’s a bit faster and bit cheaper, but this is compared to LLM. The consistency was nice to see, BUT, as someone who trained NLP models prior to LLMs, it’s just BERT with more data. I can see why people would want ready made one shot classifier, and I can see the value of sending multiple classifier in one call, but I wouldn’t call it breakthrough. And I believe many labs will replicate it in no time and might have it as part of their harness.

I see it as a wake up call for the tech community to go back to basics for most tasks instead of relying solely on generic LLMs.

tchalla 8 hours ago||
Anyone who has worked in ML for 10+ years would already know that the usage of LLMs for everything is lazy, wasteful and a high degree of marketing on it.
iforgotmypasswo 6 hours ago|||
Anyone who has designed circuits will consider CPUs wasteful compared to ASICs. This new FPGA technology is just a less efficient ASIC.

That’s roughly what I’m hearing.

The fact that general purpose intelligent classifiers can be dynamically hacked together by an LLM in real time to allow them to build evolving labeled and understandable networks that perform substantially faster than the LLM, and can act as an intermediate sorting and organizing layer for caching context or handling simple tasks, and a complete layman like me can assemble a teachable layer of these in a few days from an inexpensive service…

That’s wild!

And then you can identify where an expert system needs a more specific ML technique for efficiency within this network that overlays the SOTA model. Or manually adjust the stored context in each secondary “neuron”. And paths forward can run programs or take actions at relative high speed.

And you can share these with others and improve them as a group.

You could insert this at the datacenters at scale with a local supervising expert to prune and encourage proper growth. You could identify specific gaps in capability that need more training, and patch over them temporarily.

Then you train those corrections back into the general purpose model, or you identify highly efficient subsystems for specific purposes.

And this is just one way to use it. High speed intelligent workflows can live in this. There’s a spot for a local LLM to learn on the fly.

Maybe I’m way off base, but for the non-experts Jev seems extremely valuable.

NegativeLatency 4 hours ago||||
Also all of the mobile/embedded/resource constrained environments. Like sure my phone can run an LLM but it’s going to be bad and drain my battery.
bigyabai 4 hours ago||||
I don't think either of you are wrong. The parent's assertion is that we've known this for almost a decade. BERT was highly usable for classification and sentiment analysis a whopping 9 years ago, despite being less than 0.5B parameters large. Similar-scale models like FLAN-T5 showed that it could be improved without substantially scaling up.

Today, we're extremely spoiled by trillion parameter-scale models. Our conceptualization of vibe coding relies on wasteful tool-calling paradigms, the one-size-fits-all mentality of LLMs is part of the marketing blitz to make people buy more tokens. It's lazy on the part of frontier labs, but also wastes electricity, time and money.

AIorNot 3 hours ago||
Lol your argument is the same as programmers who complain about Javascript and internet browsers being the most common interface for all solutions on a computer

You guys dont understand that the Lowest common denominator ALWAYS wins - its why excel is the linga franca for most companies

LLMS and AI coding are the new javascript easy way to build amazing things and that trumps the tool specializers

Years of Big Data and Data Engineers building fit for purpose ML pipelines expensively working in a shadowy corner of the company have been replaced by the PM vibe coding a tool to categorize his emails by relevance

joefourier 2 hours ago|||
There's no need for black and white thinking. Javascript and the internet browser are the most common interface sure, but there's still room for specialised desktop software, especially those that require serious performance like anything to do with 3d graphics or real-time audio.

But also, frontier LLMs are enormously expensive and slow. Using Astra for things like simple text classification is not going to scale, and you're likely to end up in the same boat as those people who saw their Vercel bill shoot up to $96k/week when their site got traction, if not worse.

bigyabai 3 hours ago|||
Again - you are right, but it still doesn't refute the grandparent's claim that today's AI is lazy, wasteful and marketing-driven. There is room to improve, and if US labs don't take the initiative then Chinese ones will.
gyanchawdhary 4 hours ago||||
Dude, this is gold!
sscaryterry 2 hours ago|||
FPGA's are definitely not new. They've been mainstream for 20 odd years+.

See https://www.eetimes.com/fpga-market-to-pass-2-7-billion-by-1...

HappMacDonald 7 hours ago||||
I would rate using LLM for tasks more specific ML can handle as a lot like using one's smartphone to snap photos, listen to music, set alarms, and play video games in preference to carrying around a fun cam, ipod, watch, and switch 2 everywhere.

For those who need to dive really deep into each specific avenue and squeeze maximal quality out, the photographers will be packing DSLRs and intense gamers will wait til they get home to strap into a PS5 or a gaming rig or VR or whatever.

But "can get 90% of anyone's needs met in this field, and can do the same in dozens or hundreds of other fields simultaneously" will remain the killer solution for anyone with lots needs that each have bounded depth.

andy99 8 hours ago||||
I have, LLMs are less fragile, that’s why I like them. The ability to generalize isn’t just about being general purpose, it’s super robust, and so assuming the budget is there (I agree they are inefficient) end up performing better on many classical tasks that have ood inputs. Before LLMs / foundation models we all struggled with generalization and at least in the work I was doing people were independently converging to using bigger more general models for tasks anyway as compute got cheaper. LLMs are just the most popular version of this.
tchalla 5 hours ago|||
> The ability to generalize isn’t just about being general purpose, it’s super robust

I work with LLMs daily. 5 of my specialized tasks are outperformed by a custom model than a general purpose frontier model. The performance of my custom models not only beat them but are orders of magnitude low in costs and thus are able to be used by more customers.

verdverm 4 hours ago||
I suspect you and GP are talking at different layers. I think you are using robust on specific tasks with measurable confusion matrix. I think GP is talking about robust in more complex and diverse workflows, with the ability to self correct over turns.

Either, please correct me if I'm misinterpreting

stefan_ 7 hours ago|||
That's part of the irony here I guess. In specialized fields, think computer vision, there were lots of teams whose innovative state of the art model was essentially just a function of the limitless compute they could throw at the problem. Now there are just people with even bigger sticks.

There are lots of scenarios where specialized models still are the only option for real time, power efficiency, and so on. And transformers and other tech behind LLMs can equally produce better specialized models. But no sympathy for those who confused compute with innovation.

Oras 8 hours ago||||
I wouldn’t say lazy, LLMs are fast to use and much more cost effective especially if you factor the cost and time of training (data preparation, data cleaning, … etc).

It’s hard to justify several months to business when there is something off-shelf ready to use and doesn’t require domain specialists to run.

ashkankiani 7 hours ago|||
People have been having this same debate in a very similar way on typed languages vs untyped interpreted languages. I think that, in a similar vein, if you look at the trend over time:

- the addition and standardization (with incomplete coverage) of the solution of adding typing to Python

- how much people are re-discovering the value of performance + typing (e.g. Rust)

then I'm going to take a small leap and extrapolate that the trend will be similar here.

The equivalent of the "one off script in python" will be the LLM, and the long term stable and maintainable solution will be something much more structured and focused like Jev.

speq 4 hours ago|||
In other words, the "Bitter Lesson" (the famous essay)?
ketzu 6 hours ago||||
I thought one core result that led to LLMs was the realization that a specialized model is not necessarily better at a task than a general one.
jmalicki 5 hours ago||
That goes all the way back to at least to Stein's Paradox in 1955, sadly too few people get educated about Statistics and keep thinking specialized models will necessarily be better. If you want to estimate the batting averages of 3 MLB baseball players from samples, you are better off building a model to predict all of their batting averages than computing the mean from a sample of each one separately.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stein%27s_example

dominotw 8 hours ago||||
why would you waste your time messing around with a team of expensive ml engineers and data scientists that produce vastly inferior to a llm.

We ripped out custom homegrown ml models that were developed in last 10 yrs and put an llm in its place. Its the opposite of wasteful. Even local gemma models are vastly superior.

tchalla 7 hours ago||
There’s a middle option. Once you figure that out, you’d soon understand my point today or tomorrow. I’ve been in this field for 21 years and I use LLMs everyday. I also know when to not use them.
ramses0 3 hours ago|||
It's the transportation "mode shifting" difficulty. Per the AI, the term of art is "Pure Transfer Penalty". It's the "ick" when doing bike => bus => bike instead of "only bike" or "only car".

Mode switching has a cost. Usually std::sort is good enough compared to picking the prime optimal algorithm for your expected shape. Just call the function and get on with your day.

ithkuil 3 hours ago||||
I think both your arguments are true. It all depends on the velocity of the capability growth and the fact that opportunity cost is expensive.

Once we get out of this hypergriwth phase the very same AI companies that now are giving you llms will provide a service that employed a rich mixture of optimized models that will reduce the operational costs to achieve the required results

throwaway7783 2 hours ago|||
Is the middle option asking LLM to generate a classic ML model? Or generate tons of them and pick the best?
CamperBob2 4 hours ago|||
Anyone who has worked in ML for 10+ years has heard of the Bitter Lesson, and doesn't want to be its next poster child.
lhl 6 hours ago|||
There have been other "universal"/general classifiers like GLiNER, GLiFormer, etc based on BERTs (Laya itself is based on ModernBERT!), but I do think there's something underrated about slapping classification on a "big" model like I've seen post-Jev announcement, lots of Qwen stuff, but the most interesting to me so far is razorback16/openjev using DiffusionGemma. There's a level of generalization that lots and lots of parameters get you that you can't really get out of small models.
NitpickLawyer 5 hours ago||
> using DiffusionGemma.

That's an interesting choice. One question I had when looking at the jev copy on their blog is if one "line" in their output looks / attends to other lines. I think not, since they say it's parallel and not autoregressive. In that regard, it would be interesting to play with diffusion, and see if you'd get better results by playing with types, locking some, and so on.

robrenaud 2 hours ago||
> That's an interesting choice. One question I had when looking at the jev copy on their blog is if one "line" in their output looks / attends to other lines. I think not, since they say it's parallel and not autoregressive.

I don't understand the connection between the lack of autoregression and options attending to each other.

Non autoregressive models can attend to all the inputs simultanously.

An autogregressive model can can attend to all the options in the context of each other by simply writing the options out twice. Autoregressive models actually requires this, since one of them will come later, and the earlier prefill inputs can't attend to the later ones.

kilroy123 8 hours ago|||
I've come to the same conclusions as you.

> I see it as a wake up call for the tech community to go back to basics for most tasks instead of relying solely on generic LLMs.

I always say the cheapest LLM request is no request at all.

sbarre 7 hours ago||
What's the cost (broadly speaking, not in your specific case) of doing the same work an LLM would have done without the LLM though?
robrenaud 2 hours ago||
In the Jev use case, LLMs are horribly uncalibrated. In general, they will not produce good probability estimates.

Their generality also comes with a latency/computation costs.

kianN 7 hours ago|||
The data labeling objection baffles me. Even if you don’t need labels for training, how do you know your model is working if you’re not evaluating it?

My company specializes in statistical long document text classification, but nowadays we mainly work with audit trail requirements because we got tired of hearing complaints about our 5 example learning curve. Seems like the industry standard is telling an llm to label and telling an llm to eval, and crossing your fingers that it’s correct.

astrostl 5 hours ago|||
> it’s just BERT with more data

Let's take that as a given. Is BERT with more data not useful?

> I can see why people would want ready made one shot classifier, and I can see the value of sending multiple classifier in one call, but I wouldn’t call it breakthrough

Are those things that people want less useful because of what someone else calls it?

> I see it as a wake up call for the tech community to go back to basics for most tasks instead of relying solely on generic LLMs.

Maybe, or maybe to use Jev, which is useful?

Whether something is overmarketed or undermarketed, novel or derivative, it does not change its function.

Oras 4 hours ago||
I made it clear that it is useful and I can see many people using it including myself. My point is it’s not a breakthrough.
cjalmeida 3 hours ago|||
Fine tuning small models is not novel. The novelty is large model generalization without fine tuning, at small models cost/latency.

The OP acknowledged they needed to fine tune their model to the training data of the task vs. zero-shot Jev

tomrod 3 hours ago|||
If nothing else, it's a popularity breakthrough to have people excited about it.
fastball 3 hours ago|||
> a bit cheaper

Gemini 2.5 Flash Lite is $500/Gt, Jev is $42/Gt. AKA an order of magnitude cheaper.

> BERT with more data

It is specifically not just that, in the same way that models which have been chat/task-optimized via RLHF (which made these models much more useful for a huge variety of tasks) are not just "the base transformer model with more data".

z3ratul163071 6 hours ago|||
the huge benefit in real systems for Jev like solutions i see is the cybersecurity / prompt injection mitigation. since the output will always be well structured, there is no way prompt injection might make the system do something crazy.

probably a prompt injection can still affect the output though, in unforeseeable ways.

cjalmeida 3 hours ago||
You can use structured outputs and validate them against a schema today. I do agree making it a hard constraint instead of best practice for developers closes a whole class of bugs.
Bluestein 6 hours ago|||
This, intuitively, feels like a "lower level, basal, reflex" layer for the LLM's intellection.-
bwest87 5 hours ago|||
>I believe many labs will replicate it in no time

I really doubt this actually. To me, Jev is a great example ofcounter positioning. When you consider just how hyper optimized the labs are around auto regressive LLMs, and just how much money they have already invested and are pre committed to investing in an entire stack for auto regressive transformers... then responding to Jev becomes nearly impossible actually. They would just be giving up too much.

Just think, everything from their current sources of revenue, the sales use cases they tout, the marketing on the websites, the messaging to customers, then technically to the APIs, their internal batching and scheduling algos, their GPU configs, the chips themselves. ALL OF IT is designed with generative text models in mind. Jev breaks all of it.

I think basically no chance of a response any time soon.

lawrjone 2 hours ago||
I don’t understand how you’ve reasoned your way here.

How could Jev have possibly built something out of reach of a frontier lab providing the same or 5x as much resourcing to one of their teams to achieve? Which they can do because Jev has only received $40M of funding recently, so a round that is approximately what OpenAI is spending per math problem they try cracking.

In addition to that, these frontier labs have got extremely good at generating synthetic data and running generalised training pipelines. I can only imagine how easy it would be for them to build this internally vs Jev building it from scratch.

And then the final thing: one of the best places you might apply Jev is within a harness, behind layers that customers increasingly have abstracted from them. Frontier labs have huge incentives to do this as it could make their offering much better and cheaper. And whoever gets this first wins another big attraction for users.

My take on this is Jev is either acquired almost immediately for the benefit of the next 1-3 months head start for whichever lab acquires them or we get a similar model offered from all labs in 3-6 months or sooner.

DetroitThrow 8 hours ago||
It would be amazing to have big BERTha with per-token pricing on GCP or AWS. There are many times I am reaching for a cheap classifier with the general behavior of an LLM.
dcow 7 hours ago||
I can understand why the author feels bitter but it still feels juvenile to me. Certainly both Jev and Laya are based on the research of countless prior papers and academics. Diogo decided to build a product out of the concept. The author didn't. Publishing research papers and model weights is probably part of the problem--it feels academic. If you look at the author's profile they focus on applying AI to healthcare. Not selling general AI type safety to AI pilled companies and devs. There's a big difference there. Whether that's good or bad you can argue all day. But for the author to expect otherwise is pretty weird. I do applaud them for not stewing too much on it and trying to do something about it, though.
operaopera 6 hours ago||
I believe his qualms were with the "hype" in Jev's announcement: specifically calling this kind of model a breakthrough, without crediting previous art, and keeping everything closed source.
threecheese 5 hours ago|||
The hype is kinda nuts; I use X for ML/LLM stuff, and I just can't get away from Jev - even in my Following feed. Even days later 75% of posts are about "how I use typesafe for cooking breakfast!" or Jev clones.
tcdent 3 hours ago||
So many different theories on why this is.

First, I think comprehensibility is a major part of why certain products grab the interest of the mainstream portions of the market. The 75% of posts in your feed are not from people who evaluate products based on underlying technology. They typically value signal from social reinforcement higher than anything else. This is the same reason why we see people mentioning products instead of technologies, i.e. PlanetScale versus Postgres & Tailscale versus WireGuard. The consumers understand the value proposition, but would have never discovered it without relatable messaging. This isn't a new phenomenon in computer software either; jQuery is probably one of the first examples that I can remember with this sort of texture.

The other side is a perception of expertise in a specialty. Software development, especially in AI, has become an incredibly desirable profession, and there are more people than ever racing to be included in it. In my own professional experience I find an excessive amount of entry level talent leveraging the same comprehension of product, but not comprehension of technology to get their foot in the door. A vast majority of the "thought leaders" occupying our feeds are not as well practiced as they claim to be, they're just trying to get a job or raise funding.

And finally, AI has brought out a certain amount of desperation in practitioners, for lack of a better term, materializing as an anecdotal, but certainly observable need to remain on the very tip of the news cycle in order to feel well informed. And so, using the dynamics above and many other human social dynamics, we find certain concepts spreading across cohorts that would not normally have a need or a want for these particular techniques, or products, or solutions, but because they feel pressured to remain relevant.

m3kw9 2 hours ago||||
if is closed source, how does he know there isn't some breakthrough he doesn't know?
prodigycorp 6 hours ago|||
And how is laya previous art? The project was vibecoded and posted yesterday.

https://github.com/NandhaKishorM/laya/commits/main/

https://huggingface.co/convaiinnovations/laya/commits/main

nandakishor_ml 6 hours ago|||
The paper is one year old. https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01237 https://pypi.org/project/hallunox/
prodigycorp 6 hours ago|||
Excuse me, but calibrating language models to accurately reflect probabilities did not start with you.
nandakishor_ml 6 hours ago||
I didn't claimed it bro it was first. Just shared the findings here.
prodigycorp 6 hours ago||
[flagged]
nandakishor_ml 6 hours ago||
just not these jev guys not opensourcing their work
verdverm 5 hours ago||
You used a number of not open source projects in your paper, are you equally upset with them for this reason?
dcow 6 hours ago|||
[flagged]
jeremyjh 5 hours ago|||
Generally they do credit the papers and/or people who developed the theory behind their product.
potterpie 4 hours ago||||
Ideas are cheap. But the ideas are cheap coming from anyone. The reason some ideas (like JEV's) are taking up our attention (as opposed to Laya's) is not because of their execution ability, but because venture funding now is subbing filling in for execution ability. I do understand your argument to this would be - "welcome to the world!" or "that's just how the world works" - but that does not mean we do not recognize the ideas that came well before "venture funding made it happen".

I'd like to remind us all that there is a reason Joseph Liouville took the time to painstakingly review Galois’s chaotic manuscripts to credit him. It matters who did what before everyone else - if you do want to say "ideas are cheap" - we'd need to control for other variables before drawing conclusions.

charcircuit 5 hours ago|||
Researchers definitely do get paid for research. That Google company you mention funds research which can be integrated into their products.
Matticus_Rex 5 hours ago||
Sure, researchers get paid when they either do the research under contract or productize the research and sell it themselves. But they don't usually do the latter because that's quite difficult.
verdverm 5 hours ago||
Are you grouping academic research funded by grants under the contract category?

To me, there is a meaningful difference and I'd add a third category, but I can also see the contract angle

prometheus1992 6 hours ago|||
@prodigycorp - reading your comments here on this post - you seem pretty hurt by this post.
prodigycorp 6 hours ago||
Yeah, the reason why I am annoyed by it is because a person (who felt like a burner account of the laya creator) yesterday was haranguing me for saying that projects like this were vibe coded, posting the link to this project.

I evaluated this project yesterday and found its claims un-credible. It's literally nothing like jev. That's some context behind why, a day later, I find it annoying that this is somehow the top story on HN.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49752902

sreekanth850 5 hours ago|||
I don't really see the breakthrough in Jev. Classification, scoring, routing and returning probabilities over predefined choices are all established problems. We implemented category routing in our own retrieval system in a slightly different way: embed the incoming query, compare it against category profiles and route to the highest cosine-similarity. Obviously Jev isn't similarity based, but the underlying task of making a constrained decision from predefined choices isn't novel. TypeSafe says Jev has a new architecture and RLCD training, but Jev's actual architecture, weights and training details aren't public. So we can't even claim Jev is specifically a BERT classifier, but also don't see enough public technical evidence yet to call the underlying idea a breakthrough. Atleast they should publish a technical paper to prove their idea is breakthrough.
prometheus1992 6 hours ago||||
What is jev like? Did they release any research paper? I really think typesafe hired someone to boost their post because there was nothing "Breakthrough" about their product. At least this post has some touch with the reality that this functionality was available a year ago and was well known among ML people.
dcow 5 hours ago|||
> At least this post has some touch with the reality that this functionality was available a year ago and was well known among ML people.

When you market a product you make exciting claims relative to the audience you’re engaging with. When was the last time you saw a product marketing page reverently lost all the academic research and prior art that came together to make a product possible?

If Layla’s functionality was available in a SaaS form in a way that could be used by all the people who are excited about and using Jev, wouldn’t this research have won hearts and minds last year when it landed? I would have a lot more empathy for the author if they’d taken a product to market and nobody cared. But even then maybe the market wasn’t ready. There are still reasonable explanations why sometimes ideas take off. We’re on a venture capital forum this shouldn’t need an explanation.

prodigycorp 6 hours ago|||
I can't believe you say in another post that you have experience with bert and yet you don't understand the value of a generalist classifier.

Good models take time and effort. There wasn't a good option for satisficers until a few days ago.

verdverm 5 hours ago|||
I agree with your analysis based on my own last night (on another HN post to this same gripe on reddit, before this blog post). OP received a lot of echo chamber support in the subreddit, and recommended to post to HN, so here we are.

The work is very amateurish, the "paper" would be a strong reject if I were still peer reviewing.

https://www.reddit.com/r/LocalLLaMA/comments/1wijo3e/i_liter...

tomsyouruncle 6 hours ago|||
I’m not filled with confidence when the author’s first paper takes an RL approach but then doesn’t use it to change the action taken in the next turn. Seems like simple classification would achieve the same end. And this quote from the paper isn’t overly reassuring:

“I personally found that this sequential approach captured sales dynamics much more effectively than traditional classification models.”

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.23303

verdverm 1 hour ago||
this was the period of arxiv history that led to the new vouching system

that first person phrase stuck out to me, especially given it had plural versions on either side, the author never edited for clarity or consistency

vessenes 6 hours ago|||
Agreed. Another difficulty here is there are not good benchmarks for this new architecture yet, so it’s easy to potshot and snipe, where jev seems to be pretty broadly intelligent/at least have had a lot of rl in different domains.

We haven’t seen any of these copy cats play doom or street fighter for instance; just categorize email.

I imagine once the author cools down and evaluates on a broad harness of tasks he may find that his new thing has a lot of engineering work ahead.

hirako2000 6 hours ago||
The doom demo would have to be reproduced to confirm what their model is capable of. Oh but it's all closed source, so who knows.

It reminds. Me of Devin. Took a while to debunk. Not saying Jev is a fraud , but the gap between structuring typed output and playing a game involving logical interpretation of frames made of pixels, screams unstructured interpretation they made and forgot to mention.

derac 5 hours ago||
They mention in their blog post that the model is working on text rather than pixels in the Doom demo.
kamranjon 7 hours ago||
It is really interesting to see this claim, because i thought the current theory was that typesafe actually repackaged the work from GLiNER[1] - which does seem to be a closer match, and their original paper[2] predates yours by several years. Curious if you had heard of it before? It is also open source[3] and I think also has some good usage.

[1] https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18546

[2] https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.08526

[3] https://github.com/fastino-ai/GLiNER2

soerxpso 1 hour ago||
Jev doesn't require finetuning. All of the posts claiming that the technology already existed are missing that I don't want to spend a week to create a dataset (for a problem I might not already have data for), finetune a model, and set up infrastructure to run the model, every time I have a small routing or classification problem. The ability to knock out any arbitrary classification problem in minutes instead of in a week is a big deal.
m3kw9 43 minutes ago||
This is the real moat, the training data, they even said it, it's the meticulously crafted data that they bet on
m3kw9 44 minutes ago||
but the author has Lara.
jwpapi 6 minutes ago||
With everybody bashing OP here, how is he supposed to even make money ? It’s n open-source model you self-host right? So he doesnt seem to be just greedy? He might genuinely feel like stolen. I hope he doesnt take the comments personally and is able to find motivation in it.
hmokiguess 7 hours ago||
I think the biggest lesson with Jev was the one of communication and understanding for the broader audience, sometimes a lot about innovating involves repeating yourself and translating your own thoughts to an intended audience.

Classical machine learning has been, for the most part, and just by the nature of science, behind academic terms and difficult to engage with as a product.

Jev did really well with coining up “System One” models and defining a standard application interface plus core primitives that landed in the current paradigm of software development.

I think it’s sort of like how Cursor reinvented autocomplete back then as a different UX and suddenly everyone was just using it because of how easy the bar was to understanding it.

Lastly, timing is everything. Just as Cursor had a first mover advantage, despite ML Ops being a thing for a while, they managed to encapsulate the concept behind a “System One” black box that fits the existing mental model for building software and shipping a data contract in the right point in time where the cost of tokens has been an important metric to watch.

sigbottle 2 hours ago|
Furthermore, it's not about the current innovation right now - if you sell yourself on a broader mission, your core product can evolve and change with it, and you're more selling yourself as the guy who will make that abstract vision possible no matter what.

No matter how much we pretend, that's how a lot of abstractions work. Things that touch the real world can change; there's a risk that the change could be as something as simple as a bugfix to changing the underlying implementation but preserving a higher level goal; you generally want a human in the loop to make sure the semantics work out and everybody's agreeing.

hmokiguess 1 hour ago||
Well said, once you put it out there in the world, then it's also about how will the customer react to it and having to own that relationship going forward.

The relationship aspect of a business has a lot to do with how effective it is at continuing to justify its core value in an easy and relatable way; especially so when the decision makers that front the bill may not be as engaged with the underlying machinery behind the why it works how it does.

wren6991 7 hours ago||
We've all seen "this meeting could have been an email"; now get ready for "this VC-backed firm could have been a single arXiv preprint."

I don't want to be too dismissive of Jev, but building technology in stealth for two years just doesn't make sense to me when the capabilities are so easily replicated. These are strange times, where the incentive to do public research and the incentive to develop in private are both being eroded.

mgfist 3 hours ago||
All this means is that brand and distribution matters more than ever. There's 1000 chatgpt clones but everyone still uses chatgpt. There might be 1000 jev clones soon enough but people won't switch unless there's something significantly better about it.

It's also why Meta can make Muse and get a lot of users even though there's 10,000 personal agent startups

MisterMunchkin 4 hours ago|||
And Jev was obviously just created by ChatGPT reading this paper and copying it.
bensyverson 6 hours ago||
And yet no one cared about this research until it was productized and communicated well. Multitouch existed before the iPhone.
yipinwong 5 hours ago||
Bringing up iphone, I see how Jev pulled an Apple for making claims that their model is a breakthrough in research and 2 years of making like other iPhone features that's been around in other phones.
baobabKoodaa 4 hours ago|
Jev claims to be frontier intelligence. Laya, while claiming to be "the open source version of Jev", is using a tiny open weight model with a tiny context window. Anyone who has experimented with tiny models knows that they are far from "frontier intelligence". It's not plausible that Laya could be "the open source version of Jev", with "frontier intelligence", when it is using these tiny models.

Also, the paper that OP is referring, is not describing anything that sounds like a generalist classifier (which is what Jev is). Their paper describes a tailored solution to one specific business problem. I'm sure it has some similarities with Jev, but it's still a completely different thing, and I'm confused why OP is claiming it to be the same thing.

If you don't believe me, just open the PDF and read the abstract.

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