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Posted by azhenley 13 hours ago

English: A vs. An(www.redblobgames.com)
214 points | 287 commentspage 2
throwawayk7h 11 hours ago|
I'm always curious why sometimes I pronounce the as /ðə/ ("thuh") and sometimes as /ði/ ("thee"). I don't really know what governs this but I expect it's the presence of a vowel at the start of the following word. However, only some vowels. Does anyone have an answer?
devindotcom 11 hours ago||
I do this too - "thee actual" vs "thuh real" and such. I do expect it's to do with having a vowel sound of a certain kind at the beginning of the next work making you move your tongue in a certain way.
rizonio 11 hours ago||
with "the actual" I imagine you're also putting in a kind of intrusive "y" sound so it flows better into the vowel
devindotcom 8 hours ago||
yep although I don't think it sounds too intrusive. it comes out as theeyactual while the alternative would the thuh.Actual with a sort of micro-accent on the A. I'm sure linguists have names for all these things, like when the movements of the tongue and mouth incidentally form phonemes!
jwrallie 9 hours ago|||
People taught me the a/an rule based on the vowel, but never taught me about this, probably because at school, the emphasis is on grading on the written language.

I just noticed that I do this change in pronunciation without even (and ever) noticing it, which is how I like to approach learning these rules, by pure exposure.

CoastalCoder 11 hours ago|||
I grew up in New England.

My experience is that "thuh" is basically a lazy / informal pronunciation of that word.

But it's also by far the most common pronunciation. "Thee" would sound strangely hyper-formal, at least in my circles.

Edit: the sibling comment (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49770609) also rings true to me.

subarctic 7 hours ago|||
It's similar to a/an, thuh is before a consonant and thee is before a vowel. And thee is also used for emphasis. But some people use a / thuh before a vowel. Do you have an example?
throwawayk7h 3 hours ago||
Hmm... I think it might be speed. I'll say "thuh apple" if I'm speaking slowly, and "thee apple" if I'm speaking quickly. Which is strange, because "thee apple" sounds more formal to me, yet it's what I default to only when speaking quickly.
namenotrequired 4 hours ago|||
I learned English as a second language and was taught it was thee before vowel sounds and thuh before consonants. Is it wrong?
weinzierl 11 hours ago|||
The official rule I learnt in my English (as foreign language) classes is vowel = thee and consonant = thuh. That's it.

But I noticed that native speakers deviate from this at least in two cases:

1. Use thee to emphasize the following noun

2. When searching for the noun to say, they often get it wrong because they say something like "uh, thee, thee, thee, uh, book" and never sweat it.

Source: I watched a lot of Monty Python as a kid and John Cleese does this all the time.

drnick1 11 hours ago|||
This is governed by the following word. "Thee" can also be used for emphasis anywhere.
stackghost 11 hours ago|||
> However, only some vowels

Pretty sure it’s all vowels isn’t it?

“Thee”: apple, evening, island, offer, underpass

“Thus”: any other words where you don’t need to avoid a glottal stop to differentiate the word.

throwawayk7h 3 hours ago|||
Hmm... I think an /u/ ("oo") triggers "thuh" for me, as in "the ubermensch." But that might just be my idiolect.
stackghost 5 hours ago||||
I realized long after the edit window expired that autocorrect changed it to “thus”.
stvltvs 11 hours ago|||
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tempaccountabcd 10 hours ago|||
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Laurel1234 11 hours ago||
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Rendello 9 hours ago||
Starting earlier today, I've been using Firefox's local translation feature to auto-translate every page to Italian (to learn). I just had to remove English from my language list and check an option to translate English to Italian.

Firefox's local translation is pretty decent but not amazing. It did render this article's title as "Italiano: A vs. An", which I found pretty funny.

vbernat 5 hours ago||
"anorack" is a specific spell checker to tell if we need "a" or "an". It uses espeak to decompose a word into phonemes.
penguin_booze 2 hours ago||
If pay attention to some americans speaking, you'll notice that they find it hard when and where to use 'an' vs. 'a'. You'll hear things like 'a example', 'a understanding' etc. English is hard (for some).
MathMonkeyMan 5 hours ago||
Is it "a LLM" or "an LLM"?

More generally, do you choose the article as if the first letter of the initialism were pronounced or as if the first word of the initialism were pronounced? Does it differ with acronyms? Does it differ between the UK and America?

MathMonkeyMan 2 hours ago||
Also [a history vs. an history][1].

[1]: https://www.reddit.com/r/grammar/comments/1ssrby/an_history_...

mholt 5 hours ago|||
an, because the spoken sound of "LLM" starts with a vowel, "el". So, pronunciation of first letter of initialism, when you're spelling the initialism. I think.
crossroadsguy 4 hours ago||
an LLM, an MP, an FBI agent, a CIA agent, a NASA engineer, an NSA mechanic, an 8 year old car, a 10 year old dog, et cetera – it's the sound of how you said those letters, always the sound.
tarkin2 4 hours ago||
He says he should have used an LLM to write his one-off code

I guess this is a common idea now

Yet since a lot of our coding is for one-offs then we are allowing LLMs to blunt our skills

nivertech 3 hours ago||

  “a San Francisco startup” /ə ˌsæn frənˈsɪskoʊ ˈstɑɹtˌʌp/
  vs
  “an SF startup” /ən ˌɛsˈɛf ˈstɑɹtˌʌp/
i.e. you have to mentally pronounce the phrase before choosing which form of the indefinite article to write
hiccuphippo 4 hours ago||
So is it "a historic" or "an historic"? I've heard Stephen Colbert use "an historic" with a non-silent H.
nmeofthestate 1 minute ago||
A related quirk is English people saying "an hotel" (pronounced an otel). It's a subset, and specifically more popular with English speakers as opposed to non-English British. Also, someone else claimed the English don't say "an historic" - incorrect. Again it's not universal.
n4r9 2 hours ago|||
Yes, this is an exception to the rule in British English, although possibly old-fashioned and becoming obsolete. Some British people put "an" before any word starting with "h" and longer than three syllables.

EDIT I'm wrong here - I don't think anyone ever says "an Halloween celebration" for example. But I was sure there were other "h" counterexamples than historic.

KaiserPro 2 hours ago|||
for ESL people, its both.

For english people, as in actual english not from the UK, its a historic, unless its for emphasis.

There is/are some religious overtones, that are infused into this. Catholics used to (or still do) say "hay-tch" for h, where as non-Catholic would say "ay-tch". However that distinction is not so acute in england(unless you're in/near liverpool), but it might be in scotland and its certainly there in NI

Dwedit 4 hours ago|||
Comedians often make jokes.
IshKebab 2 hours ago||
This is a common overcorrection. It's 100% "a historic" if you're pronouncing the "h" (which everyone does).

People who say "an historic" are wrong - they're imagining there's some exception that there isn't.

You can easily tell they're wrong because who says "an history lesson"?

jeroenhd 1 hour ago|||
> because who says "an history lesson"?

People speaking dialects that don't pronounce the "h" in "history". Which used to be a lot more common when this rule was written down. I've heard several English dialects that pronounce "historian" like "istorian", and who would say "a istorian"?

English is full of obscure rules that were written down ages ago, often because one particular guy wrote down his personal preference and others accepted it as fact ("less" vs "fewer", for instance).

English speakers still can't agree whether the h in "herb" is pronounced or not. I don't see why anyone would be surprised that other words beginning with h are also subject to debate.

IshKebab 1 hour ago||
I said:

> if you're pronouncing the "h" (which everyone does).

You can say "an 'istoric", but that's not what we're talking about. The overcorrection is "an historic".

That also isn't specific to "historic", for example you can say "an 'ouse" but literally nobody says "an house".

kzrdude 1 hour ago|||
"a history lesson" and "an historic event" have different stress in the history area (or at least they can have, depending on the phrase context), and I think that explains it.

Saying "a historic event" requires you to pause and stress the start of historic (a + glottal stop + "his" + ...). It's a natural phrasing pattern to have the initial part of historic unstressed, and then the h is effectively dropped even if you're not speaking an h-dropping dialect; this way "an historic event" follows as correct.

We simplify a lot of sounds in unstressed parts of words, but because we know and "see" the spelling, our brains can keep the illusion of the whole word going for us.

IshKebab 1 hour ago||
Nope. A/an doesn't depend on where the stress in a word is.
xelxebar 7 hours ago||
The one that gets me is when people use "a" with initialisms, e.g. "She drives a RV," just sounds off to me. she can do her thing but I drive an RV.

That said, I think the former might be more common these days, so arguably the rules might just differ between written an spoken English in some dialects.

namenotrequired 4 hours ago||
I once wrote “an FAQ” and someone corrected me that it should be “a FAQ”. Turns out she pronounced it “fak” and not “ef ay cue”
Ylpertnodi 3 hours ago||
As a 'fak', pronounce, eff ay queue' is far too long.
litoE 4 hours ago|||
But I bet she drives a Recreational Vehicle instead of an Recreational Vehicle.
joquarky 5 hours ago||
When people get this wrong, ask them to spell it out phonetically. We sometimes forget that our language is more based on sound than sight.

An arrvee.

mauvehaus 11 hours ago|
Fun fact an adder (snake) was once a nadder, and an apron was on a napron. This fun fact brought to you by The History of English Podcast.

https://historyofenglishpodcast.com/

Happily sourced in Wikipedia so I don't have to figure out which episode I learned that from:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adder <- see below the table in Taxonomy.

adzm 11 hours ago|
And cherries were ceries from French, leading to the singular form cherry. Lots of neat little things like this.
hrnnnnnn 3 hours ago|||
Swedish does a similar thing where it takes the plural of an English word as the singular Swedish loanword.

Kex = biscuit, from "cakes"

Keps = hat, from "caps"

Tagbert 5 hours ago|||
And peas was both singular and plural like fish.

"I ate a single peas" "I ate many peas"

People thought it was a mistake and generated "pea" for a new singular.

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