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Posted by barry-cotter 5 days ago

Oliver Sacks put himself into his case studies – what was the cost?(www.newyorker.com)
https://archive.ph/0MFPK
49 points | 97 comments
svat 12/10/2025|
This was a nice profile of (one side of) Sacks and his life, and as usual some mischievous or click-seeking online editor has given it a headline (and sub-heading) that are almost completely unrelated to what the article is about. In fact, at the bottom it says:

> Published in the print edition of the December 15, 2025, issue, with the headline “Mind Over Matter.”

and a headline like that (saying nothing) would be more appropriate to this.

The very fact that Sacks wrote about his patients has always had its detractors—based on his book The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, someone called him “the man who mistook his patients for a literary career”—but what was surprising (to me) from this article is that it seems that after that early book, he actually became careful not to exaggerate or make up stories, to the extent that someone closely following him looking for discrepancies was not able to find any. I would have expected the stories to be mostly fictional, but it appears that this is so only of his early books.

svat 6 days ago|
I assumed the books were somewhat fictional (i.e. they were Gladwell-style) because if he meant to make a claim seriously he'd have published in a medical journal instead of a popular/literary book. But since writing the comment above, I've learned that over the years many people actually believed that all details in the books were literally true (you can search for e.g. [Sacks prime] to see many people who took the story seriously and analyzed them), which does put things in a different light.
sincerely 5 days ago|||
I’ll do you one better, I believed Gladwell wasn’t writing fiction either.
erikgahner 5 days ago||
Not OP but I guess Gladwell-style can be understood as writing that is presented as nonfictional but has more in common with fictional writing.
jamincan 5 days ago||
To me, it's when narrative has priority over accuracy. There are a number of popular edutainment figures who fit this mold, but Gladwell is probably the most prominent example.
NooneAtAll3 5 days ago|||
if I search for Sacks prime, I get articles about Ulam spiral

what exactly was I supposed to find and see people believe?

svat 4 days ago||
Interesting, there seems to be a different Sacks (software engineer Robert Sacks) who devised his own Ulam-like spiral.

Anyway sorry I didn't keep track of the pages I visited, but here are some of the search results I see now, indicating at least some time wasted exploring something that did not need to be explored if it had been clear that the story was not fully real:

- https://empslocal.ex.ac.uk/people/staff/mrwatkin/isoc/twins....

- https://www.goertzel.org/dynapsyc/yamaguchi.htm

- https://www.pepijnvanerp.nl/articles/oliver-sackss-twins-and... (pretty good article!)

- https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/2005-42-01/S0273-0979-04-0... (mention by Granville!)

- https://blog.computationalcomplexity.org/2009/09/possibly-re...

- https://www.discovermagazine.com/oliver-sacks-and-the-amazin...

- https://forum.artofmemory.com/t/prime-numbers-mental-calcula...

BTW the same account of the twins (https://archive.is/MmogP) also has several paragraphs revealing major misunderstandings on the part of Sacks, e.g.:

> And yet they are called “calendar calculators”—and it has been inferred and accepted, on next to no grounds, that what is involved is not memory at all, but the use of an unconscious algorithm for calendar calculations. When one recollects how even Carl Friedrich Gauss, at once one of the greatest of mathematicians, and of calculators too, had the utmost difficulty in working out an algorithm for the date of Easter, it is scarcely credible that these twins, incapable of even the simplest arithmetical methods, could have inferred, worked out, and be using, such an algorithm.

[Needless to say, calculating the day of the week for a fixed date is a much easier and completely unrelated problem to that of Easter, “the first Sunday after the Paschal full moon (a mathematical approximation of the first astronomical full moon, on or after 21 March” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Date_of_Easter ]

jtrn 5 days ago||
I disregarded everything from him after I read two of his books. It’s not perfect, but my rule of thumb is simple: If a scientific story feels sexy, cinematic, and narratively perfect, it’s likely fabrication.

Same reason I have been skeptical towards dark energy, EMDR, and the blue light destroys sleep craze. And many other stupid stuff. If you like a story or a finding, that’s a clue to double the critical sceptisism.

duskdozer 5 days ago||
EMDR has obvious problems, but I'm curious why you're putting blue light in the same category? It has clear and plausible physical MOA eg https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-022-04054-9
jtrn 5 days ago|||
Because no study can find any clinical improvement in sleep quality and duration, I tried with many patients with no effect (I'm a clinical psychologist). So, it's not proven to work practically or anecdotally, only theoretically. But people LOOOOVE to explain why blue wavelengths hit different receptors and glutamate-sensitive cells...

And a note: EMDR works MUCH better than blue-light-reducing therapy. It's just that the theory for WHY it works is insane (integration of memories/thoughts across brain hemispheres is facilitated by moving eyes back and forth). It's just exposure therapy, and the "follow the light" stuff is just structuring the exposure setting. You get the same effect while doing exposure therapy while driving a car.

squeefers 5 days ago|||
im similarly dubious about this.... only works by blue light hitting your retina, which meant your eye was open, which meant you were awake ie not even trying to sleep. also, circadian rhythms were proven to be unaffected even when living in a cave with no natural sunlight - so theres more to sleepiness than just light hitting your eyebaws
duskdozer 5 days ago||
>only works by blue light hitting your retina, which meant your eye was open, which meant you were awake ie not even trying to sleep.

not necessarily - your eyelids aren't perfectly opaque

>also, circadian rhythms were proven to be unaffected even when living in a cave with no natural sunlight - so theres more to sleepiness than just light hitting your eyebaws

yeah, not disputing this. Blue light doesn't have to be the sole determinant to have an effect though

Veen 5 days ago||
I'd always assumed that the patients in Sacks' books were lightly fictionalized composites that combined interesting features from multiple cases. The purpose being to illustrate conditions and aspects of human psychology for a general readership. Since they weren't presented as rigorous case studies, I didn't take them to be that. I find what Sacks did much less irksome than more recent psychological and social studies books that pretend to be presenting rigorous scientific fact when they are, in fact, tendentious bullshit.
jtrn 5 days ago||
I apply the same criteria to any scientific assent. What is the actual practical / clinical relevance? And is it properly studied without p-hacking, correlation/causation confusion and without signs of bias. Following these criteria, 95% of studies are useless, and strangely these overlap massively with the ones that fail to replicate. Yet I get constantly shit on for having too high standards for scientific rigor.
webwielder2 12/13/2025||
I actually set that book down while reading it and said, “this sounds made up.” Ahh the quiet satisfaction of witnessless vindication.
throwaway81523 12/15/2025||
Yeah the thing about the twins calling out 20 digit prime numbers did it for me. Even allowing for the twins having some ridiculous magical ability to think up such primes, Sacks iirc claimed to confirm the numbers' primality by looking them up in a table of primes. Nuh uh.

Added: ok, found a more careful description. https://www.pepijnvanerp.nl/articles/oliver-sackss-twins-and...

gusgus01 5 days ago||
While I also doubt the twins ability to calculate unknown primes, I do think that the article falls prey to many of the same trappings that they are calling out Oliver Sacks for.

While Oliver didn't know math enough to talk about known prime number tricks, the author of the article also clearly didn't know books well enough to include ruling that aspect of the story as false since a commenter found at least a contender for the book, which also opens up the theory that the twins memorized the numbers from a book. To take it a step into theorizing, since it's been shown at least one book existed, maybe others that have been lost to age also existed.

Also, with no proof the article talks about how the twins perceived the numbers, saying "More likely is that they called out the numbers figure by figure" instead of in the extended format. A 25 digit number is only in the septillion area, and numbers follow a latin naming scheme so it's not even that hard to remember. This is comparable to Oliver assuming further numbers were prime with no proof.

Plus there's the fact that this is all in hindsight, I think it'll be fun to look back in 40 years from now and see how the article stands the test of time. Maybe we discover an easy way to calculate arbitrary primes in our head and the original story becomes believable.

jtrn 5 days ago|||
Same. And yes, I also feel the "satisfaction of witnessless vindication," since I was almost treated as a blasphemer when I criticized him in my circles.
milofentriss 5 days ago|||
Yes, it's lovely when that happens.
marstall 5 days ago||
yup, me too.
rendx 12/9/2025||
In case this piqued your interest, I really enjoyed the documentary about his life's journey, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Sacks%3A_His_Own_Life - can recommend! (Also, fan of his books and research.)
BeetleB 5 days ago|
I second the documentary.

Also a very notable statistic/anecdote at the end. I don't know how wide the scope (only one university?), but about a third of the incoming neurology students chose the field because of Oliver Sacks.

I always found the bulk of the criticism leveled against him to be faulty. However, if he did indeed fabricate a lot of details - it is concerning.

IAmBroom 5 days ago||
So, something like how Star Trek inspired most of NASA scientists?
dang 5 days ago||
(I wanted to put https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46204853 in the second chance pool* but it was too old, so I spawned a new copy of the submission and moved the (relevant) comments hither. I hope that's ok as a technical workaround...

* explained at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26998308)

IAmBroom 5 days ago||
Thank you. I wasn't going mad.
IAmBroom 5 days ago||
... because of this particular instance of false memory. Which wasn't.
rendall 12/13/2025||
> When [Sacks] woke up in the middle of the night with an erection, he would cool his penis by putting it in orange jello.

This is a remarkable sentence, and it appears suddenly in the article without context or explanation.

Naturally, there are questions. Was it necessarily orange jello? Does orange refer to the flavor or the color? What property of this particular jello made it preferable to other flavors and colors of jello? Did he prepare the jello for this particular purpose, or did he have other uses for the orange jello? What were they? Did he reuse jello or discard it after one use? Most important though: why would he do this??

The article does not say.

conductr 5 days ago||
It says why in the quote, to “cool” it. I have never tried it myself but it seems like it would be effective for that purpose.
fsckboy 5 days ago||
your comment in the context of jello makes me think of Cool Whip, but that takes us to "You must whip it: Whip it good!" and here we are full circle.
dredmorbius 5 days ago||
I've heard (though cannot find any supporting references) that Devo's song "Whip It" referred to "whippets", nitrous oxide cannisters which could produce a brief but euphoric high.

<https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/what-are-whipp...>

Context was a stage performance (not by Devo) roughly 20 years ago, referring to late 1970s / early 1980s youth culture. The song itself was released in 1980:

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whip_It_(Devo_song)>

fsckboy 5 days ago|||
orange the color is a reference to orange the fruit. prior to the fruit coming to europe, that color did not have it's own name

https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/orange-fruit-color-ori...

c-c-c-c-c 12/13/2025||
It is a great article.
rendall 12/13/2025||
It is. I might sound critical, but my criticism is not of the article. Nor of Sacks and his jello, really.
sshadmand 12/10/2025||
Loved Oliver Sacks. He was such a kid at heart with a big brain and soft demeanor. His interviews are great. Here is one https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4AnuxDdg2II It is rare a lisp can improve how one sounds, but I like his.
Angostura 5 days ago||
I rather liked Private Eye’s spoof Sacks book title many years ago: “The Man Who Mistook his Patients for a Publishing Opportunity”
randycupertino 12/15/2025||
Another book I was recently sad to learn was at fabricated is The Salt Path, which was great but apparently based on lies, the author was fleeing debt and lawsuits and stole $86,000 from their previous employer prior the walk. What is super sad is they didn't pay the people back they stole money from after their book became a best seller:

https://observer.co.uk/news/national/article/the-real-salt-p...

It's also became a movie staring Gillian Anderson and Jason Isaacs.

dredmorbius 4 days ago||
Three Cups of Tea by Greg Mortenson and David Oliver Relin similarly:

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Cups_of_Tea#Controversy>

Specific allegations and refutations were raised by 60 Minutes and The Daily Beast:

<https://web.archive.org/web/20110416212133/http://www.cbsnew...>

<https://web.archive.org/web/20110424154702/https://news.yaho...>

IAmBroom 5 days ago||
Wow. Fascinating.
RachelF 12/13/2025|
Or more recently Dan Kahneman, Dan Arielly or Stephen Jay Gould have also been caught fabricating details or whole results.
regularization 12/14/2025||
I don't know of any thimble recent (or non-recent) where Gould was "caught fabricating details or whole results".

In 1981 Gould accused Morton of fabricating details. Gould died 20 years after that. Nine years after Gould died, some said Morton had not fabricated details.

I should add Morton was a phrenologist who did not believe in common descent.

unmole 12/13/2025|||
> Dan Kahneman

I know the underpowered studies cited in Thinking Fast and Slow didn't replicate but I don't think there was any fabrication?

eviks 12/14/2025||
The famously ironic case of honesty in a study about honesty

https://retractionwatch.com/2021/09/14/highly-criticized-pap...

BeetleB 5 days ago||
That's Dan Ariely. I don't think there's any known example of Kahnemann fabricating data.
Analemma_ 5 days ago||
As fair as I know none of the research by Kahemann himself is suspect, but a lot of the studies he cited in Thinking Fast and Slow, especially the ones about priming, have failed to replicate. YMMV on what this implies for the book as a whole.
BeetleB 5 days ago||
He's open about the priming chapter concern:

https://retractionwatch.com/2017/02/20/placed-much-faith-und...

ahazred8ta 5 days ago|||
The Fifty Minute Hour / The Jet Propelled Couch would be a classic example. Lindner's 'patients' were composite characters.
IAmBroom 5 days ago|||
Mudslinging without the slightest trace of proof.
jamiek88 5 days ago||
Citation needed.
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